Knoppix Documentation Wiki - User contributions [en]

Indonesian downloading FAQ

2008-07-15T04:09:10Z

203.158.221.227: dronrelva

lileto
----
Kembali ke [[Indonesian Knoppix FAQ]]
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:Tips: Pakailah CD-RW jangan CD-R sebisa mungkin - simpan uang anda dan selamatkan lingkungan!

==T: Bagaimana caranya mendapatkan CD versi aktual/beta?==

J: Ada beberapa kemungkinan:
* Download dari salah satu mirror terdaftar di [http://www.knoppix.net/get.php The Knoppix Download Page] . Cobalah pilih mirror terdekat dengan anda untuk hasil terbaik.
* Download dengan [[Bittorrent]] dari [http://torrent.unix-ag.uni-kl.de/ The Unix-AG BitTorrent Tracker]
* Jika download 700Mb terlalu besar untuk bandwith anda, anda bisa meng-order CD terbaru dari retailer di [http://knoppix.net/get.php The Knoppix Order Page]

==T: Dapatkah anda men-download Knoppix dalam beberapa bagian jika anda hanya punya bandwith kecil (28.8 Kbps) seperti menghentikan download sementara dan melanjutkannya di lain hari?==

J: Ya, [[Bittorrent]] mendukung cara tersebut, dan juga banyak ftp client seperti wget (gunakan wget -c) atau ncftp.
Anda dapat memakai yang lain juga [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/download download managers].

==T: Apa gunanya file MD5 yang menyertai image ISO dari CD?==

J: file dengan ekstensi .md5 mengandung checksums untuk CD yang aktual
[http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/iso ISO images]. Checksum adalah "nomor yang cocok" untuk mengecek file. Anda dapat memastikan bahwa file sudah cocok dengan yang orisinil sampai ke detail yang paling kecil. Ketika anda men-download kedua file: image ISO untuk CD dan file .md5 yang berkesesuaian, anda dapat memastikan bahwa download anda sudah komplet dan bahwa isinya tidak berubah dengan mengetik "md5sum -c filename.md5" dalam Linux/Unix.

Information lebih jauh mengenai MD5 dan program untuk berbagai macam OS dapat ditemukan di [http://www.linuxiso.org/viewdoc.php/verifyiso.html LinuxISO.org] dan [http://www.fourmilab.ch/md5/ The MD5 Protocol Documentation]. Anda dapat men-download versi Windows&trade di [http://www.toast442.org/md5gui.shtml this site].

==T: Apa gunanya file ASC yang menyertai image ISO dari CD dan file MD5?==

j: file dengan ekstension .asc adalah pesan tandatangan PGP yang mengandung md5sum digunakan untuk memastikan image dari ISO CD. Dengan menggunakan ini anda bisa meyakinkan image ISO dan file MD5 yang menyertainya adalah asli, karena file .asc berisi MD5 yang ditandai kunci PGP milik Klaus Knopper. Ini hanya bisa dikompromikan jika seseorang mendapat kunci rahasia yang digunakan untuk menandai pesan. Untuk memastikan file, anda perlu mengimpor kunci PGP ID 0xBA8F038D dari keyserver favorit anda, kemudian dalam Linux anda dapat mengetik "gpg --verify KNOPPIX_Vxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.iso.md5.asc". Kemudian anda harus mengecek bahwa MD5 checksum dalam file .asc adalah sama dengan MD5 checksum dalam file .md5.

Jika anda ingin memastikan file md5 yang ditandai dan file ISO dalam satu langkah, anda dapat mengetik:
gpg --decrypt KNOPPIX_Vxxxxxxxxxxxx.iso.md5.asc | md5sum -c -

==T: Saya sudah men-download file ISO, sekarang bagaimana?==

J: Beberapa kemungkinan lagi:

*Linux: anda dapat menggunakan command:
cdrecord -v speed=4 dev=0,3,0 filename
:dimana dev=0,3,0 adalah cdwriter anda

:('''Perhatian''', pakai "cdrecord -scanbus" sebelum cdrecord untuk meyakinkan bahwa dev=0,3,0 adalah cd-writer anda. Jika anda punya SCSI hds, anda dapat kehilangan semua data dari satu hd ketika anda memakai cdrecord dengan dev=(controler,id,partiton) yang salah!)

*Windows jawaban pendek: anda membutuhkan satu CD kosong 700Mb. Gunakan program seperti Nero burning rom. Anda bisa mendapatkan versi free trial di [http://www.nero.com/en/index.html free trial of Nero from their site]. Untuk membakar dengan program ini, lewati wizard dan pilih File>Burn Image. Pilih file KNOPPIX_Vxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.iso,>Burn. (perhatikan, Nero 6 mempunyai bug yang mencegahnya membakar image besar, untuk patchnya lihat: [http://www.knoppix.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=4974#23520 this forum discussion])

*Windows jawaban panjang: tentu saja jawaban tergantung dari masing-masing program yang anda pakai untuk membakar CD, tapi semua prgram CD-Writing yang umum dipakai mendukung pilihan membakar image ISO yang bisa boot, anda mungkin hanya harus menemukan pilihan menu yang tepat. Di alamat [http://www.knopper.net/knoppix/docs/ for Knoppix documentation] dan di beberapa mirror KNOPPIX di dalam direktori dengan nama yang sama, anda bisa menemukan beberapa contoh tertulis sebagai dokumen step-by-step yang pendek dari pengguna yang sudah berhasil menyelesaikan prosedur. KNOPPIX_Vxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.iso -files adalah image ISO, yang menggunakan "El Torito"-Specification ([http://www.phoenix.com/resources/specs-cdrom.pdf documented here]).

Dalam image ISO tidak hanya ada data user, tetapi juga informasi mengenai struktur file dari CD itu sendiri. Jika anda ingin melihat struktur file, coba lihat di [http://www.isobuster.com/ Isobuster].

Untuk mendapatkan file image dalam CD gunakan mode RAW dari software pembakar anda (lihat Bild 1 WinOnCD German Edition).

*Pilih KNOPPIX_Vxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.iso sebagai nama file dari image.
*Pilih 2048 Bytes/Sector sebagai format data yang benar (see Bild 2 WinOnCD German Edition).

Bakar CD anda sebagai '''"Single Session CD" atau pilih finalize'''.
Mode '''"Disk at once"''' atau '''"Track at once"''' seharusnya tidak relevan untuk data-CD (Lihat Online-Help dari software pembakar anda).
Jika CD mem-boot, tetapi terbaca error, coba '''"Disk at once"'''.

==== T: Komputer saya tidak mau boot dari CD. Apa yang bisa saya lakukan? ====

J: Lihat BIOS komputer anda [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOS BIOS] (di kebanyakan komputer anda perlu menekan tombol "delete" atau tombol F1 saat POST) untuk melihat apakah booting diset dari CD. Jika ini sudah diset, komputer anda mungkin saja tidak bisa membaca CD (beberapa notebook punya masalah dengan CD yang dilindungi dengan lapisan hitam sebagai contoh). Beberapa komputer hanya akan memakai setting BIOS yang baru setelah hard reset.

J: Jika komputer anda tidak mendukung booting dari CD, anda dapat membuat bootfloppy menggunakan [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/rawrite "rawrite"] atau lebih baik lagi program file mkfloppy.bat dalam direktori "KNOPPIX" di CD.

J: Gunakan Smart Boot Manager, dan install ke floppy, ini akan membolehkan anda mem-boot dari CD apapun yang punya kemampuan booting. http://btmgr.sourceforge.net/ . Jika anda ingin meng-install dari windows, download sbminst.exe dan jalankan dari Command Prompt seperti :
'''sbminst.exe -d 0''' untuk menginstallnya ke drive floppy.

==== T: Saya mendownload KNOPPIX melalui WWW/FTP atau mendapat versi download dari seorang teman. PC saya bisa mem-boot-nya, tetapi bootup-nya berhenti setelah beberapa saat atau saya hanya melihat gambar background, dan selain itu tidak ada lagi yang terjadi. Ada apa gerangan? ====

J: Kemungkinan anda hanya mendapat sebagian download, atau download telah diinterupsi tanpa diketahui. Jika ini yang terjadi image ISO sudah rusak, dan data dari bagian yang hilang tidak dapat diakses (kadang-kadang seseorang bahkan dapat "mendengar"nya karena adanya suara dari drive CD-ROM disebabkan adanya usaha untuk membaca berkali-kali). Ini fatal sebab cabang direktori ditulis di bagian awal CD, jadi selalu komplet. Dengan demikian, anda dapat membaca cabang direktori dari CD dengan tepat. Namun demikian, membaca isi aktual dari bagian yang hilang adalah tidak mungkin sama sekali (dengan kata lain, akses ke isi gagal dilakukan). Beberapa kemungkinan solusi dapat ditemukan di bagian "Apa gunanya file MD5?" and "Bagaimana caranya mendapatkan CD?".

==== T: Setelah menggunakan KNOPPIX, OS saya yang "lain" tiba-tiba memperlihatkan layar biru (blue screen) dengan pesan "File kernel.exe not found or defective" dan "reinstall..." beberapa saat setelah booting. ====

J: Keluarkan saja CD KNOPPIX dari drive CD-Rom dan start ulang komputer.

==== T: Saya melihat partisi hard disk saya di desktop dan dapat mengakses isinya ketika saya meng-klik-nya, tetapi jika saya ingin menulis ke hard disk saya selalu mendapat pesan error "access denied". Bagaimana caranya saya dapat menulis di partisi saya yang sudah ada? ====

J: Filosofi umum KNOPPIX adalah dengan membolehkan sesedikit mungkin akses tulis. Untuk alasan ini, partisi yang sudah ada, bisa tidak di-mount atau hanya mount tetapi "read only/hanya boleh dibaca saja". Jika anda meng-klik dengan tombol kanan mouse pada icon, atribut "read-only" dibawah item "device" dapat tidak di-cek/dipilih. Setelah itu, partisi dapat di-mount "read-write" (untuk partisi yang sudah di-mount, pertama klik di "unmount"!). PERHATIAN: menulis ke partisi NTFS dapat menyebabkan kehilangan data, karena Linux tidak benar-benar mendukung sistem file ini! Namun demikian, sistem file DOS and FAT32 aman digunakan untuk akses tulis. Tips: dalam shell, command "mount -o remount,rw /mnt/" dapat mengijinkan sistem file yang sudah di-mount menjadi "bisa ditulis/made writeable".

==== T: Saya punya akses yang cepat ke mirror Knoppix. Bagaimana caranya membakar file ISO ini dengan GNU/Linux langsung ke CD-RW? ====

: - mkfifo KNOPPIX.fifo # mkfifo membuat file fifo
: - screen ftp mirror ....# screen membuat banyak shell dalam satu terminal (portabel!) ftp menyambungkannya mirror anda...
: get KNOPPIX-3.10-EN.iso KNOPPIX.fifo #command untuk mengkopi session ftp anda
: - C-a C-c # screen akan membuat shell baru
: - cdrecord dev=(your burner) speed=4 KNOPPIX.fifo # ftp mulai mendapat data ketika cdrecord mulai membaca dari fifo
: wait; exit; rm KNOPPIX.fifo; exit
(Perhatian, gunakan "cdrecord -scanbus" sebelum cdrecord untuk menemukan device cd-writer yang benar. Jika anda punya SCSI hds, anda dapat kehilangan semua data dari sebuah hd ketika anda memakai cdrecord dengan dev=(controller,id,partiton) yang salah!)

=== ATAU ===
''Ini berfungsi baik dan jauh lebih sederhana:''
wget -O - URL''OF''IMAGE | cdrecord -v speed=4 -eject -

==== T: Haruskah saya membakar Knoppix di CD-RW supaya bisa men-tes-nya? ====
J: Ketika anda menjalankan sistem GNU/Linux yang lain, anda dapat mengkopi isi dari file Iso ke hd anda dan bootinglah langsung dari hd. Lihat [[Hd Based HowTo]].

==== T: Bagaimana caranya membakar image ke CD dengan memakai B Recorder Gold dari BHA? ====
J: Tutup dialog Wizard jika tampil ketika anda memulai applikasi. Drag file KNOPPIX-'''*'''.iso ke wilayah bawah KANAN dari applikasi window. Ini akan dibayangi warna kuning dan punya titel "Track Type"(Icon dengan note musik dan sebuah folder akan terlihat di tengah panel). Klik kanan wilayah kiri dimana terlihat ")1 DATA -mode1 dan dari menu popup pilih properties. Pilih "ISO compatible" and "create from standard bootable disk image" dalam dua pilihan boks. Kemudian tekan tombol record (Atas kiri), pilih pilihan anda, dan Voila - satu CD KNOPPIX yang bisa diboot jadi milik anda!.

==== T:Kenapa 750 MB bisa cukup untuk CD audio tapi hanya bisa 650 MB ke CD data? ====

J: Sebuah sector dari sebuah CD terdiri dari 2352 bytes. Untuk CD audio, Semuanya dipakai untuk informasi audio. Untuk CD data, sebuah tambahan koreksi fault dimasukkan, dan kapasitas yang bisa dipakai menciut menjadi 2048 bytes. CD dengan kapasitas 74 menit terdiri dari 74x60x75 = 333000 sector. Dengan 2048 bytes per sector, Kapasitas yang bisa dipakai adalah sekitar 650.1 MB, dengan 2352 bytes per sector kapasitas yang diberikan sekitar 746.6 MB. Oleh sebab itu juga akan menghasilkan data rate yang berbeda untuk reading/writing: 172 kbps untuk audio dan 150 kbps untuk data.

==== T: Kenapa writer/software saya tidak dapat menulis ke CD-R ukuran 80 menit? ====

J: Beberapa writer atau software writer yang versi lama tidak dapat mengenali ukuran panjang yang baru, sebab kemampuan geraknya lebih sempit. Cek hardware anda dan pembuat software untuk melihat kalau media yang lebih baru ini sudah didukung. Dalam banyak hal, dengan mengupdate firmware dari software writer (cek web site dari pembuat software) akan memecahkan masalah ini.

*http://www.cdmediaworld.com/hardware/cdrom/cd_firmwares.shtml

==== T: Apa yang dilakukan jika saya tidak mendapat cukup ruang dalam CD untuk membakar Knoppix ?- ====
J: Anda dapat membakarnya lagi (http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD ).

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Kembali ke [[Indonesian Knoppix FAQ]]

[[Category : FAQ Page]]

User interface

2008-07-15T03:59:57Z

203.158.221.227: sitpasvi

racdel
The [[user interface]] is the part of a system exposed to a user. The system can be any kind of machine, also computerized systems and software. As for software, the user interface is usually the only part a user ever sees. The user interacts with a system through its user interface.

The design of the user interface is relevant for the user's understanding (also called the mental model) of the system and thus for the system's usability or user-friendliness.

Cat

2008-07-15T03:06:52Z

203.158.221.227: zelacbocbasn

ouchisitdarl
cat: Concatenate

cat filename...
where filename... may be one or more files.
cat displays the content of filename... on the standard output. If more than one file is used, they are displayed one after the other creating a larger file.

Output redirection may be used to copy the contents of files into another file. An example is

cat *.c > tot.cprog
This will copy the contents of all files ending with .c, into file tot.cprog. The order of the files within tot.cprog will be alphabetical.

cat can be used to append one file to another:

cat file2 >> file1
will append file2 to file1.

The [[cat]] command can also be used in pipe sequences or used to create files in shell scripts.
cat - > mynewfile.txt << CATEOF
line 1
line 2
line 3
CATEOF
The -, dash, is used to take input from the keyboard or in the case of this shell script example from all the lines following the [[cat]] line. Notice how '''<< CATEOF''' is used. The '''<<'' tells the shell script to that input is going to be taking from lines in the shell script while the -, dash, tells [[cat]] to read from the stdin. '''CATEOF''' is just some sequence of characters that you invent. The token name means [[cat]] End Of File. In this example, the script starts to look for a matching '''CATEOF''' search token. The closing search token must start at the first character on the line.

[[Category:Useful Linux Commands]]

Customizing environment using 4.0.2CD

2008-07-15T01:48:22Z

203.158.221.227: ricricleto

outaeltta
These are the steps I use to customize my Knoppix 4.0.2 environment.

__TOC__
WonderfulCheck This Amazing Site! Informative,

= Installing Microsoft's True Type fonts =
Installing Microsoft's True Type fonts using apt-get at the command line
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install msttcorefonts
Change the fonts in KDE:
* open "K > Control Center"
* open "Appearance & Themes > Fonts"
* click "Adjust All Fonts"
* check "Font"
* highlight "Bitstream Vera Sans"
* click "OK"
* click "Apply"
* select "File > Quit"

= Customizing the tool bar =
== Mozilla Firefox ==
Firefox uses the globe icon instead of the icon with the firefox. I like to change the icon to the Firefox icon.
* right click the Firefox icon in the toolbar
* click on Properties
* click on the icon
* in the search box, type "fire"
* double-click on the FireFox icon
* click OK
= Customizing the K menu =
== Run KSysV as root ==
* click on "K > System"
* right-click on "KSysV (SysV-Init Editor)"
* click on "Edit Item"
* in the Command text field, add sudo to the front of the command
sudo ksysv -caption "%c" %i %m
* uncheck "Run as different user"
* click on "File > Save"
* click on "File > Quit"

= Changing the background image =
Change the background image to Debian Blue:
* open "K > Control Center"
* open "Appearance & Themes > Background"
* click the radio button "Picture"
* choose "Debian Blue" from the drop-down menu
* click "Apply"
* select "File > Quit"

= Changing the splash screen =
Change the splash screen to "Redmond":
* open "K > Control Center"
* open "Appearance & Themes > Splash Screen"
* click on Redmond
* click "Apply"
* select "File > Quit"

= Setting up and starting services =
== Setting up webmin ==
# test
lynx -dump http://localhost:10000/
# install/setup
sudo -i
passwd
apt-get update
apt-get install webmin
rm /etc/rc?.d/*webmin
update-rc.d webmin start 30 2 3 4 5 . stop 70 0 1 6 .
/etc/init.d/webmin stop
/etc/init.d/webmin start
# test
lynx -dump http://localhost:10000/

== Setting up the apache webserver ==
# test
lynx -dump http://localhost/
# install/setup
sudo -i
update-rc.d apache start 40 2 3 4 5 . stop 60 0 1 6 .
/etc/init.d/apache stop
/etc/init.d/apache start
# test
lynx -dump http://localhost/

setting up webmin-apache
apt-get update
apt-get install webmin-apache
#
# test connection to apache module and configure (I choose the defaults)
lynx https://localhost:10000/apache/index.cgi

== Setting up the SSH server ==
# test
ssh knoppix@localhost
# install/setup
sudo -i
passwd knoppix
update-rc.d ssh start 35 2 3 4 5 . stop 65 0 1 6 .
perl -i -plne 's/(^PermitRootLogin) yes/$1 no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
/etc/init.d/ssh stop
/etc/init.d/ssh start
# test
ssh knoppix@localhost

setting up webmin-ssh
apt-get update
apt-get install webmin-sshd
#
# test connection to sshd module
https://localhost:10000/sshd/index.cgi

== Setting up the MySQL server ==
# test
mysql --no-defaults -h localhost -u root mysql -e 'status'
# install/setup
sudo -i
update-rc.d mysql start 35 2 3 4 5 . stop 65 0 1 6 .
perl -i -plne 's/(^old_pass)/# $1/' /etc/mysql/my.cnf
/etc/init.d/mysql stop
/etc/init.d/mysql start
# test
mysql --no-defaults -h localhost -u root mysql -e 'status'

configuring MySQL root account
# set a root password
mysqladmin --no-defaults -h localhost -u root password 123456
# unset the root password
mysqladmin --no-defaults -h localhost -u root -p123456 password ''

setting up webmin-mysql
apt-get update
apt-get install webmin-mysql
#
# test connection to MySQL module
lynx https://localhost:10000/mysql/index.cgi

== Setting up Mediawiki ==
# test
lynx -dump http://localhost/mediawiki/

# install
apt-get update
apt-get install mediawiki

# enable index.php
perl -i -plne '$rep="\n\tDirectoryIndex index.html index.htm " .
"index.shtml index.cgi index.php" ;
s#(^.*/mediawiki/>)#$1$rep#' /etc/mediawiki/apache.conf
/etc/init.d/apache reload

# configure -- Fill in form
lynx http://localhost/mediawiki/

# If configuring worked, move the config files around
( set -x
mv /var/lib/mediawiki/config/LocalSettings.php /etc/mediawiki/LocalSettings.php &&
chmod 600 /etc/mediawiki/LocalSettings.php &&
rm -rf /var/lib/mediawiki/config/
)
/etc/init.d/apache reload

User Harry Kuhman!Kuhman

2008-07-14T18:19:34Z

203.158.221.227: aceldargets

olodoms

[http://northwestairlines.bravehost.com Northwest Airlines]

Talk:Knoppix Remastering Howto

2008-07-14T09:25:42Z

203.158.221.227: nobasracacro

trocouracba
Tips around apt-get to install/update/remove applications:

* Get '''apt-spy''' and use it to modify the sources.list file with the best mirrors for your particular region. This will speed up the downloading. Backup the original '''sources.list''' just in case.
* Use '''apt-get update''' to get the lists with the latest releases and patches. Do not update a package if you don't need to, it may lead to the use of additional disk space (precious commodity when you want to keep everything below 700MB) and you may brake something else without knowing. Abuse the '''-s''' option to simulate the installation.
* Before doing the update, I modified my default releases to '''testing''', that means that the software I'll be using will have a good balance of stability and features. Knoppix uses '''unstable''' by default, which is too risky for my personal taste.
* Get '''[apt-get install] locale''' and configure it with the locales you are going to use. It will save lots of space when downloading applications with plenty of locale modules.
* I use '''aptitude''' to get/remove applications, it is character based so it works character mode. As you mark packages for install/update/removal, it will tell you how much disk space you will save/use, try to solve depencies problems and give you plenty control to fix them manually when possible.
* When installing applications it is likely that your '''/etc/rc?.d''' directories will have new entries, many of them unwanted or unplanned. Make sure you check them and remove the new entries based on your preferences. I usually leave '''/etc/rc2.d''' and '''/etc/rc5.d''' as close as the originals and modify '''/etc/rc3.d''' and '''/etc/rc4.d''' to test new stuff.
Example: You may want to have ntfs installed, but not necessarily running unless you need. Same with apache, mysql and many others.
* When removing/purging applications, they may leave behind non-empty directories. Usually this is announced by aptitude, apt-get or any other package you are using. Make sure to check the messages.

* The bug in '''apt-get''' is also mentioned here: http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=191309 (More of a bug in apt-get that it assumes /dev/ is active rather than checking?)

----

* I'm having trouble remastering the 5.1.1 CD. I've done it twice. The first time it has trouble loading the isolinux information, and the second time isolinux has an error about the checksum... (Slythfox)
* Has anyone remastered the 5.01 DVD? I'm having trouble following the remaster guidelines. What boot loader is it using? How do I switch bootloaders or add an additional kernel?
* I'm having some problems with remastering 5.01, too.... For me, the compressed image created via "create_compressed_fs" is not found during bootup. Any ideas why this could be? (MadusI)
* The howto needs to be edited in a few places where scripts on one line go past the printable area. No problem if you cut/past script from here, but it is if you print for reading offline. (step 13 under Setting Up for Remastering, the long dpkg-query under the APT section, the sample Grub entry in the section on Test Remastered Version). I have a couple of other lines that split when printing under Windows (printing at work). Maybe there could be a link to a printable version like many of the news sites use. (ripcrd)

----

I do not know whether it is really necessary, but in order to edit the 5.3.1 DVD, I mounted KNOPPIX and KNOPPIX2 into an UnionFS and then - after umounting that FS - created two separate compressed FS using the third of the commands on the main page, once with KNOPPIX and once with KNOPPIX2.

== why -r and -a? ==

What's the advantage of using both -r (or -R) and -a in cp command? AFAIK, -r/-R means recursively copying, while -a means archively copying. I'm using Debian lenny, I don't know if Knoppix use another version of cp (coreutils).

according to "man cp" -a equals -dpR (in Knoppix 5.1.1).

== Remastering the LiveCD ISO ==

Somehow things have changed from boot.img to balder.img and isolinux. I am no expert, so correct my where I'm wrong. My impression is that in order to remaster with a new kernel one has to copy the kernel to boot/isolinux/linux instead of implementing it in the boot.img. Also what used to be miniroot.gz is now called minirt.gz.

Compression

2008-07-14T05:19:15Z

203.158.221.227: eltboacels

cazelacc4
[[Compression]] is a handy feature. A large bundle of files or one large single file can be shrunk to save disk space. Sometimes the file will then be able to be sent through email. In the case of [[Knoppix]] [[compression]] is used to put more applications and data on the [[Knoppix]] [[ISO |ISO Image]] that is burned to a CD-R disk. The Cloop file system has [[compression]] at its heart.

Here are some ideas to compare.
* Tar is a packager.
* Commandline options to tar allow you to choose two compression formats: gzip and bzip2.

One can compress and uncompress files using [[File Roller]] application. Later releases of Nautilus have [[File Roller]] available as a right click option.

{{page-stub}}

Kernel image

2008-07-14T00:06:56Z

203.158.221.227: talili

eroucnaa
The kernel is the core of the operating system. It's primary functions are controlling execution of processes, handling memory management, providing a filesystem, and providing a portable interface through which programs may communicate with hardware.

A [[kernel image]] is a compiled and usually compressed & self-extracting kernel (generally with the name of '''bzImage'''). In the linux distributions, it is copied from /usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot/ to /boot .

The uncompiled kernel source can be obtained from [http://www.kernel.org] in .tar.gz or tar.bze format . To compile the system one uses "make xconfig" in XWindows environment and later make dep; make clean; make bzImage; to compile the modules make modules make modules_install.

The kernel image is booted changing [[http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/lilo Lilo]] /etc/lilo.conf :

*image=/boot/X.X.XX
*label=KernelX.X.XX8
*read-only
*alias=2

See also [[kernel panic]]

User:Smoe

2008-07-13T23:42:50Z

203.158.221.227: lapaspas

getmonbo

Cheat Codes French

2008-07-13T23:23:43Z

203.158.221.227: alalacr

rolchi
Version Anglaise: [[Cheat Codes]] / Version Allemande: [[Cheat Codes Deutsch]] / [[Cheat Codes Spanish]]]
----
Note: la traduction de cette page n'est pas encore complÃ©tÃ©e. Allez, faites votre part :) -> traduction effectuÃ©e et complÃ©tÃ©e (28/12/2003) par contre la mise en page... ;)
Avis aux experts du wiki :)

Les Cheatcodes sont utilisÃ©s pour passer des valeurs a KNOPPIX, pour l'aider Ã fonctionner sur de l'Ã©quipement difficile. Ils sont entrÃ©s au boot screen. Le format est "kernel opt opt opt". En gÃ©nÃ©ral "knoppix" est la bonne sÃ©lection pour le "kernel", les options sont Ã©numÃ©rÃ©s ci-dessous.
Exemple: "knoppix xvrefresh=60 screen=800x600 noscsi floppyconfig"

Incide: En utilisant l'image par dÃ©faut DE-bootimage, SYSLINUX boot avec le clavier franÃ§ais. Le '=' se trouve avec Shift-0 avec ce clavier.

==== Options de dÃ©marrage ====

'''Si votre machine dÃ©marre sur le CD-Rom''' vous devriez au moins obtenir une invite de dÃ©marrage '''boot:'''

Vous pouvez ici spÃ©cifier le noyau ainsi que des options, paramÃ¨tres appelÃ©s Cheatcodes.

'''Si votre machine dÃ©marre sur le CD mais que vous n'arrivez pas sur votre bureau''':
* notez les derniÃ¨res lignes avant que le processus Ã©choue et s'arrÃªte
* vÃ©rifier votre cd avec: '''knoppix testcd'''
* vÃ©rifier la signature md5 l'image ISO avant de la graver
* si tous ces tests sont positifs essayez de passer en paramÃ¨tre:

'''knoppix acpi=off pnpbios=off noapic pci=bios'''

Suivant l'arrÃªt
'''knoppix vga=normal noacpi noapic nosmp screen=800x600 xvrefresh=60'''

(ou au moins ''knoppix vga=normal noacpi noapic nosmp'' --> ca va dÃ©ja Ãªtre assez sportif avec un clavier Qwerty :p 

Pour le clavier azerty, le LUG Linux-Azur met Ã disposition [http://kaella.linux-azur.org/ Kaella] Knoppix Linux Azur aprÃ©s et depuis chaque nouvelle Knoppix. N'oubliez pas le [http://forums.knoppix-fr.org forum francophone] pour le support francophone (forum, irc, doc ...)

Les cheatcodes francisÃ©s sur le wiki de [http://doc.linucie.net/Knoppix/Cheatcodes Linucie]

=== Liste des cheatcodes ===

'''lang=bg|be|ch|cn|cs|cz|da|de|dk|es|fi|fr|it|ja|nl|pl|ru|sk|tr|tw|uk|us''' : spÃ©cifie langage/clavier
 
'''keyboard=fr''' : spÃ©cifie le clavier console
 
'''xkeyboard=fr''' : spÃ©cifie le clavier X
 
'''desktop=fluxbox|icewm|kde|larswm|twm|wmaker|xfce''' : utilise le WM spÃ©cifiÃ© au lieu de KDE
 
'''screen=1280x1024''' : utiliser la rÃ©solution spÃ©cifiÃ©e pour X (utilisez un "x" minuscule)
 
'''xvrefresh=60''' ou '''vsync=60''': utiliser une frÃ©quence de raffraichissement verticale de 60 Hz pour X (serveur d'affichage). 
'''xhrefresh=80''' ou '''hsync=80''': utiliser une frÃ©quence de raffraichissement horizontale de 80 Hz pour X.
 
'''xserver=XFree86|XF86_SVGA''' : utiliser le serveur X spÃ©cifiÃ©
 
'''xmodule=ati|radeon|fbdev|vesa|savage|s3|nv|i810|mga|svga''' : utiliser le module XFree4 spÃ©cifiÃ©
* pour les cartes Ã base de processeur graphique Nvidia, pour les cartes plus rÃ©centes pas encore supportÃ©es par le module nv, se reporter sur le site du fondeur pour obtenir un pilote (module). ''Ps: Ce dernier ne peut etre intÃ©grÃ© Ã KNOPPIX pour des raisons de licence.''
 
'''wheelmouse''' : la souris a une roulette - plus nÃ©cessaire depuis 2003-04-15
 
'''nowheelmouse''' : souris PS/2 sans roulette - depuis 2003-04-15
 
'''2''' : Runlevel 2, mode texte/console seulement
 
'''floppyconfig''':Lancer "knoppix.sh" depuis la disquette. L'option "floppyconfig" permet la reconfiguration du systÃ¨me aprÃ¨s l'autoconfig, ou d'installer vos propres fichiers de configuration, en montant la disquette et lanÃ§ant un script bourneshell appellÃ© "knoppix.sh" du rÃ©pertoire racine de cette disquette.
* Il existe une interface (GUI) permettant de crÃ©er une telle disquette de configuration appelÃ© "saveconfig" (situÃ©e dans le menu de KDE --> "KNOPPIX"), les experts peuvent cependant crÃ©er leur propre script shell. Un fichier nommÃ© "knoppix.sh", s'il est situÃ© Ã la racine ("toplevel") du rÃ©pertoire KNOPPIX du CD, sera executÃ© au dÃ©marrage. Cela permet ainsi de crÃ©er simplement une version "customisÃ©e" sans avoir Ã modifier le systeme de fichier compressÃ© KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX.
 
'''myconf=/dev/sda1''': Execute "knoppix.sh" Ã partir d'une partition (ici /dev/sda1 est souvent un periphÃ©rique amovible telles les clÃ©s USB ou disques dur externes firewire).
 
'''myconf=scan''' (ou '''config=scan'''): essai de trouver le script "knoppix.sh" automatiquement
 
'''home=scan''' ou'''/dev/sda1'''ou '''/dev/hda1'''etc..:Precise le rÃ©pertoire personnel.
*'scan' recherche knoppix.img dans l'arborescence de toutes les partitons.
*'home=/dev/hda1'ou 'home=/mnt/hda1'(pour prÃ©ciser la partition contenant votre rÃ©pertoire personnel)
*'home=/dev/sda1/knoppix.img':Monte un fichier loopback comme /home/knoppix (rÃ©pertoire personnel)
''Nota: sur la version 3.2 MIB de Michel Buissou'':le fichier knoppix.img a l'attribut cachÃ©, la commande devient donc:home=/dev/hda1/.knoppix.img'' (Ã adapter en fonction du peripherique de stockage)

**Pour crÃ©er un rÃ©pertoire persistant: menu K -> Knoppix -> Configure -> Create persistant home directory.
''Faites attention lors de la crÃ©ation de ce rÃ©pertoire personnel, n'utilisez pas la partition dans son intÃ©gralitÃ© Ã moins que vous sachiez ce que vous faites.''
 
'''noapic noapm noagp nodma nomce nofirewire nopcmcia noscsi noswap nousb nosmp noaudio''':Permet de ne pas faire dÃ©tecter certains matÃ©riels, dans le cas d'un Ã©chec de l'autodÃ©tection, essayez de dÃ©marrer avec une des "no-" options (cf liste prÃ©cedente),
* par exemple: '''knoppix noagp noapm noapic nodma nopcmcia noscsi nousb''' pour passer les parties critiques du systeme d'autodetection. 
L'option "noswap" est utilisÃ©e pour ne pas utiliser les partitions swap (d'echange) existantes tout en permettant leur recherche ("for a forensic analysis without touching existing swap partitions"). 
noapic noapm concernent les modules de gestion de l'energie. 
nodma pour ne pas activer la gestion de la memoire (Direct Memory Access) (par defaut cf: option dma pour l' activer)
 
'''pci=irqmask=0x0e98''':Notebook si la souris PS/2 ne fonctionne pas, essayez "knoppix pci=irqmask=0x0e98" si (vous avez un notebook et) votre souris PS/2 ne fonctionne pas. ("Possibly cautiliserd by a BIOS-flaw on your board" ~dÃ» probablement Ã une erreur du bios de votre carte.)
 
'''ide2=0x180 nopcmia''' : dÃ©marrage Ã partir d'un CD en pcmcia (Transmeta notebooks)
 
'''pci=biosirq''' :Forcera l'utilisation de l'assignation par le Bios des requÃªtes d'interruptions (IRQ) du nus PCI. Solution possible pour du matÃ©riel ne fonctionnant pas. Utile pour des problemes de conflits d'IRQ. Utilisez les commandes '''dmesg''' et '''cat /proc/pci''' afin de trouver si vous Ãªtes concernÃ©s...
 
'''mem=128M''': spÃ©cifie la taille de la mÃ©moire vive en MByte, certaines cartes ne passent apparemment pas la bonne taille de mÃ©moire au noyau Linux. Cela peut engendrer le message "Panic cannot mount root file system", le systeme se figeant alors. Utilisez "knoppix mem=128M" pour rÃ©soudre ce probleme si votre systeme dispose de 128 MByte de mÃ©moire (attention un "M" majuscule doit etre utilisÃ© dans ce cas).
 
'''noeject''':Ne pas ejecter le Cd aprÃ©s l'arret du systeme
 
'''nodhcp''':Ne pas utiliser la detection d'un service DHCP par broadcast (envoi trame sur tout le reseau local)Nb: DHCP permet de se voir dotÃ© d'une adresse IP par un serveur DHCP (cas de certains routeurs).
 
'''gmt'''|'''uce''':L'horloge de la machine est rÃ©glÃ©e sur GMT/UCE
 
'''vga=normal''':Pas de mode framebuffer, mais X (mode graphique)
 
'''vga=ext''':Mode texte (50-lignes)
 
'''dma''' : activer le DMA pour tous les pÃ©riphÃ©riques IDE
 

'''blind''':Demarre un terminal Braille (pas de X)
 
'''brltty=type,port,table''':ParamÃ¨tres pour les pÃ©riphÃ©riques Braille
 
'''alsa''':Configuration automatique de alsa pour une carte son pci (nb si mal reconnue)
 
'''alsa=es1938''':Configure ALSA ( The Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - ALSA ) utilisant le module snd-es1938.o relatif Ã la carte son pci.
 
'''testcd''': VÃ©rifie l'intÃ©gritÃ© des donnÃ©es du CD,
* si votre CD Ã©met des sons Ã©tranges lors du dÃ©marrage, ou que vous pouvez lire de nombreuses erreurs telles "cloop read error", ou que les programmes de votre bureau KDE ont tendance Ã se fermer alÃ©atoirement, votre image du CD (image ISO) est probablement dÃ©fectueuse ou incomplete, ou votre graveur de CD a crÃ©Ã© un CD defectueux (mauvaise vitesse de gravure ou support enregistrable de mauvaise qualitÃ© ou defectueux). 
* Ceci est l'erreur la plus souvent reportÃ©e. SVP dÃ©marrer en utilisant '''knoppix testcd''' pour vÃ©rifier que le CD est correct, et/ou d'une meilleur maniere et dans la mesure du possible, vÃ©rifiez la signature numÃ©rique MD5 (MD5 checksums) qui sont prÃ©sent sur les mirroirs de tÃ©lÃ©chargement avant de graver le CD. Lisez aussi la KNOPPIX-FAQ.
 
'''splash''':DÃ©marrer avec un Ã©cran de dÃ©marrage "fantaisie" ou tout au moins personalisÃ©.
 
'''toram''':Copie le CD dans la mÃ©moire vive, KNOPPIX est dÃ©marrÃ© de cet emplacement.
 
'''tohd=/dev/hda1''':Copie le CD sur une partition du disque dur (dans ce cas /dev/hda1 = premiere partition du disque master du premier canal IDE soit IDE0), KNOPPIX est dÃ©marrÃ© de cet emplacement.
 
'''fromhd=/dev/hda1''':DÃ©marre Ã partir d'une image du CD prÃ©cedement copiÃ©e sur le disque dur. (possible de copier le fichier /KNOPPIX/KNOPPIX sur une partition dans une rÃ©pertoire /KNOPPIX).
 

==== Kernels (noyaux) ====
'''knoppix''' Parametres par defaut
 
'''knoppix-txt''' Pas de framebuffer au dÃ©marrage
 
'''fb1024x768''' prÃ©ciser la dimension d'affichage du framebuffer
 
'''fb800x600''' prÃ©ciser la dimension d'affichage du framebuffer
 
'''failsafe''' DÃ©marrer avec (presque) aucune dÃ©tection matÃ©rielle.
 
'''expert''' : Configuration interactive pour experts, le mode "expert" fournit une interface simple mais cependant pas testÃ©e en profondeur pour permettre de charger des modules supplÃ©mentaires dans le noyau (Kernel) Ã partir d'une disquette (format ext2 ou vfat), ainsi qu'une configuration interactive des souris/clavier/carte son/serveur X (d'affichage). Le mode "expert" supporte les mÃªme options de dÃ©marrage que "knoppix".
 
'''knoppix -b''' DÃ©marrage rapide et simpliste, sans dÃ©tection de pÃ©riphÃ©riques, seulement 1 VT (terminal virtuel); presser "enter" Ã l'invite du mot de passe root et vous pouvez executez vos commandes. Pratique pour uniquement utiliser fdisk sur les pÃ©riphÃ©riques IDE, activer l'amorce sur une partition differente, DD stuff, permet ainsi de redemarrer rapidement '''Real Fast''' une fois votre tÃ¢che terminÃ©e.
* '''Nb''': Vous pouvez presser ALT-Impr Ã©cran Syst-B en toute sÃ©curitÃ© pour rebooter immediatement sans vous inquiÃ©tez d'Ã©teindre proprement le systeme, en effet rien n'est montÃ© en lecture/ecriture ni mÃªme le swap.
Fonctionne aussi d'ailleurs sur les autres distributions Linux.

==== Tips&Tricks/Trucs & Astuces ====
'''Si vous avez un vieux moniteur (VGA)''' essayez "knoppix-txt xvrefresh=60" ou "fb800x600"
 
La plupart des options de dÃ©marrage sont analysÃ©e dans le fichier /etc/init.d/knoppix-autoconfig et le reste peut etre trouvÃ© dans /KNOPPIX/boot.img -> miniroot.gz -> linuxrc.

 
'''Si vous souhaitez remasteriser le CD''', n'oubliez pas de specifier:
 *-b KNOPPIX/boot.img
 pour la version allemande de la disquette de boot (dÃ©marrage) ou
 *-b KNOPPIX/boot-en.img
 pour la version anglo-saxonne, comme option pour mkisofs.
 Autrement votre CD ne sera pas "bootable" ("auto-amorcable").
 
Le repertoire KNOPPIX, contenant le fichier compressÃ© "KNOPPIX", doit etre placÃ© au niveau supÃ©rieur du CD. 
/!\ '''ATTENTION: X-Screensaver''': Ne lancez pas xlock ou autre ecran de veille (screensaver) qui reqiert un mot de passe. 
Il n'y a pas de mot de passe de dÃ©finit par dÃ©faut dans KNOPPIX, c.a.d. que tous les comptes utilisateurs (accounts) sont LOCKED ("bloquÃ©s"/"vÃ©rouillÃ©s") Ã moins que vous ne specifiez un mot de passe. 
Voyez ainsi le fichier README_Security.txt Ã ce propos. 
Si vous executez malencontreusement l'ecran de veille de KDE, passez sur une console texte en pressant par exemple les touches CTRL+ALT+F1 et tuez (kill) le processus de l'ecran de veille (ou bien prÃ©cisez un mode de passe pour l'utilisateur knoppix).
 
Si vous dÃ©sirez '''editer la configuration de votre serveur d'affichage''' (ou serveur X -> X-Server) (/etc/X11/XF86Config-4 pour XFree86 V4.x), 
utilisez "knoppix 2" Ã l'invite boot: afin de dÃ©marrer en niveau d'execution 2 (runlevel 2 = mode texte, sans affichage graphique), 
Apres avoir changÃ© la configuration de X, dÃ©marrer l'environnement avec la commande "init 5". 
Nb: vous pouvez toujours quitter l' environnement graphique avec "init 2", et le redÃ©marrer plus tard avec "init 5".

==== Mise Ã jour: ====
Updated for Knoppix 3.1 2003-01-05 
;Updated for Knoppix 3.2 : desktop=gnome n'est plus disponible

[[Category: Cheat Codes]]

Talk:Cloop

2008-07-13T20:26:28Z

203.158.221.227: orcalisit

trtari
I'm trying to follow these instructions and I don't understand this line:

make KERNEL_DIR=/path/to/linux-kernel/sources

Where are the linux kernel sources? (I guess that's a stupid question)

smauleon

Help talk:Contents

2008-07-13T19:38:43Z

203.158.221.227: videltroc

dronrolbasbo
'''Do not use this page to post requests for help on Knoppix.'''

==About this help page==
This page is the wiki discussion page under the wiki help section. It is intended for discussion about the wiki, not about Knoppx problems, and is not the place to post individual requests for help downloading, burning, booting or using Knoppix. That place is the '''forums''', reached by clicking on the '''forum''' link near the top of the Knoppix.net home page or this page. The forums are actually a much better choice for posting questions about the wiki too, as regular users see new forum posts each time they visit this website, but only see see changes to the wiki if they search them out.

Before posting a question in the forums it is advised to look at the different subjects the forum is sub-divided into and to read through some of the posts in the forum that best seems to fit your subject. You can also use the search feature to search the forums, you might find your question has been answered many times already with one or two simple keyword searches, and you will get a response much faster that way.

Also, before you post, try to pick the forum that is the best fit for your question, and use a meaningful subject line that relates to the problem. Don't use subject lines like "I'm new, help me". The forums would be a useless mess if everyone did that.

---
I have now copied this text to the Help page, where it should be =) [[User:Qwerty|Qwerty]] 17:18, 19 Oct 2006 (GMT)
==Whitt posted a question==
Whitt posted a question here. I've tried to reach you through the forum private message feature but you have not created a forum account yet, so I cannot do so.

Talk:Philippine Knoppix FAQ

2008-07-13T19:08:07Z

203.158.221.227: orccositzelv

olodar
== KNOPPIX 4 WI-FI Connection ==

User talk:Dr Kludge

2008-07-13T18:48:37Z

203.158.221.227: errotado

erolovita
Hey, Dr Kludge! I was wanting to use [http://phpwebsite-comm.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php?title=Image:PhpWebSiteOnion.png your diagram] on Wikipedia, but in order for Wikipedia to accept it, it needs to be under a free license of some type. Would you please license it under the [[:Wikipedia:Template:GFDL|GFDL]] or release it into the public domain?
Thank you! --[[User:Jecowa|Jecowa]] 03:53, 8 Sep 2006 (GMT)

Bugs/5.1.1CD

2008-07-13T18:28:45Z

203.158.221.227: nororo

elpase
==GRUB Configuration Error==
There are two problems with option label dos for loading FreeDos balder.img. There is no memdisk file in /boot/isolinux folder and the isolinux.cfg sintax is wrong

The correct syntax is

LABEL dos
KERNEL /boot/isolinux/memdisk
APPEND initrd=/boot/isolinux/balder.img
==Mouse Configuration Default Error==
KNOPPIX incorrectly guesses that my serial mouse uses the "Microsoft" protocol, with the result that my mouse pointer hops around almost at random. It works correctly if I edit /etc/X11/xorg.conf replacing the mouse protocol "Microsoft" with "MouseSystems" or "auto". Since the "auto" protocol would presumably work with a "Microsoft" mouse, too, that would seem to be a better default for KNOPPIX to use.

''(see discussion by clicking "discussion" above)''

==Default myconfig error==
Knoppix 5.1.1's knoppix-autoconfig script has an error with regard to "default" myconfig.
In the case where knoppix has been remastered with knoppix.sh and configs.tbz in the
CD root (/) the test for knoppix.sh is wrong. Line 1310 should be changed from:

MYCONFIG="$(ls -1d /cdrom/KNOPPIX/[Kk][Nn][Oo][Pp][Pp][Ii][Xx].[Ss][Hh] 2>/dev/null)"

to:

MYCONFIG="$(ls -1d /KNOPPIX/[Kk][Nn][Oo][Pp][Pp][Ii][Xx].[Ss][Hh] 2>/dev/null)"

This will allow a default myconfig (e.g. if the myconfig= argument is not given)
to detect the presence of the knoppix.sh script.

--[[User:Hanumant|Hanumant]] 16:04, 14 Jun 2007 (UTC)
==Timezone setting error==
Knoppix 5.1.1's knoppix-autoconfig script has an omission with regard to setting the timezone.
The script set /etc/local time around line 557. It should also update the file /etc/timezone:
rm -f /etc/timezone
echo "$TZ" > /etc/timezone

--[[User:Hanumant|Hanumant]] 16:06, 14 Jun 2007 (UTC)

==fstab error==
rebuildfstab adds the following garbage to /etc/fstab on a system with no hard drive:
# Added by KNOPPIX
noauto,users,exec 0 0
Here is a fix:
--- /usr/sbin/rebuildfstab.orig 2007-06-26 09:16:54.972750170 -0400
+++ /usr/sbin/rebuildfstab 2007-06-26 09:17:42.095435539 -0400
@@ -75,2 +75,3 @@
count=0
+scanpartitions | \
while read device mountpoint fstype relax; do
@@ -98,5 +99,3 @@
echo "$device $mountpoint $fstype $options 0 0"; }
-done >>"$TMP" <<EOT
-$(scanpartitions)
-EOT
+done >>"$TMP"
--[[User:Johntobey|Johntobey]] 13:32, 26 Jun 2007 (UTC)

==TestDisk error==
TestDisk refers to an old version of libntfs. As a result, when you start it, it gives this error:
testdisk: error while loading shared libraries: libntfs.so.9: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
Solution: create a symlink to the new version of the library:
ln -s libntfs.so.10 /usr/lib/libntfs.so.9
--[[User:131.215.166.100|131.215.166.100]] 01:09, 19 December 2007 (UTC)

== No Unicode support ==

Knoppix has no UTF-8 support. This means that files in hard drives (especially NTFS) that use characters other than those of ISO-1 encoding are not accessible for Knoppix (they don't show up at all).

--[[User:193.219.94.166|193.219.94.166]] 12:08, 23 March 2008 (UTC)

Bash

2008-07-13T17:44:32Z

203.158.221.227: delbasc4tvil

rolrelpas
'''Bash''' is a [[Unix command shell]] written for the [[GNU]] project. Its name is an acronym for "Bourne-Again SHell": a pun on the Bourne shell sh, which was the original Unix shell. The Bash command syntax is largely backward-compatible with sh, and includes ideas drawn from ksh and csh, such as the command history, the directory stack, the $RANDOM variable, and the POSIX form of command substitution, <tt>'$('</tt>.

The original Bourne shell was written by Stephen Bourne. Bash was primarily written by Brian Fox and Chet Ramey.

Bash is the default shell on most GNU/Linux systems, and it can be run on most Unix-like operating systems. It has also been ported to Microsoft Windows by the Cygwin project.

Bash is distributed under the GNU General Public License. It is available for download from many sites on the Internet, including the GNU project FTP site. The latest released version is 2.05Î².

The complex bash script bashforth shows several bash programming techniques, by implementing a version of the extensible programming language Forth

==== External link ====
*[[http://www.gnu.org/manual/bash-2.02 The Bash Reference Manual]]

[[Category:Useful Linux Commands]]

Debian

2008-07-13T16:46:06Z

203.158.221.227: ouorta

boctrli
Knoppix is based on Debian Linux
See http://www.debian.org/

Baby Gimp

2008-07-13T16:30:17Z

203.158.221.227: nodomc4tc

orelto
[[Baby Gimp | Babygimp]] is an iconeditor, written in PERL.

The web site is located at http://babygimp.sourceforge.net/

{{page-stub}}

[[Category: Open Source Applications]]

Hardware FAQ Spanish

2008-07-13T15:40:41Z

203.158.221.227: ricbool

delouorelt
trchitabasre

[[Category : FAQ Page]]

User:Krellan

2008-07-13T12:35:23Z

203.158.221.227: clieltre

roelboboc
Hey, it's [http://krellan.com/ me]....

I'm Krellan2 on the forums here (not Krellan, there was some glitch during registration and I had to create a second account).

FAQ Instalando en Disco Duro

2008-07-13T10:06:18Z

203.158.221.227: alacelchic

c4taltrocze

[[Category : FAQ Page]]

How to Theme KDE

2008-07-13T09:11:53Z

203.158.221.227: ricchiletoca

c4tlic
Hi everyone, it's me again, and I know that I've asked for a TON of help and gotten lots with the help of this forum, but I feel that it is now my turn to help. My most recent problem has been with themes, styles, window decorations, etc. I have asked numerous times for help, but it seems that almost nobody has successfully installed them, and if they did, they did not have time to give others the proper help they have needed. That's where I step in. After getting many different scraps of help, searching other sites with google.com, and finding out some stuff on my own, I bring you the FIRST (as far as I can tell) MINI-tutorial for installing these maddening mishaps of mayhem that are one of the curses of KDE 3.2 and up. Exclamation
Now, I say KDE 3.2 and up because I have absolutely NO experience with the older, now obsolete versions of KDE. Also KDE 3.2 and 3.3 are EXTREMELY similar when it comes to this "theming" technology. This tutorial is based on the END of FILENAMES (which will be explained in stunning clarity in a moment). So when you go in search of that perfect theme on KDE-LOOK.org, you know which part of this tutorial to use.
NO successes based on these instructions are guarenteed, but having successfully followed these instructions myself, and seeing the very little other help that is out there, I HIGHLY suggest at least trying these instructions.

Step number ONE: What do I actually want to download and install?
If you would like to change the "bar" on the top of your programs( the one with the maximize, minimize, and exit buttons), you are yearning for a WINDOW DECORATION.
If you would like to change the scroll bar( the thing that scrolls through the entire page or screen of a program or browser, commonly located on the far right side of the program, the colors of the buttons and the patterns or colors of any "white space" that is just there in a program (take a look at Konqueror. open it up and look at the space between the buttons on the second toolbar from the top, and the "K" icon that moves when you are loading a page, most likely white or tinted gray or a tinted white color now)- YOU WANT A STYLE!
If you want to change EVERYTHING (Window Decorations and the Styles + text and other oddities like wallpaper), you want an ALL IN ONE THEME! *nOTe!!!- There is a "theme manager" separate download for KDE 3.2, and a theme manager in KDE 3.3 ["K" icon on taskbar, settings, control center]. BUT the theme manager does very little at this point. It only installs themes with a .kth extension, and I've found only ONE theme with that extension, so most themes can probably also be installed by source code(a bit advanced NOT TOO HARD) or a .deb package.

Step number TWO: Let's change my desktop!
This is the installation phase. Please note that to avoid some problems, you should install from the ROOT user's desktop. Although I suspect that this will work with a regular account too. Also PLEASE NOTE!!! ONLY KNOPPIX hd- installed users can install themes or any other thing for that matter. The CD live version cannot install anything.
---but first---
When you find the theme/style/window decoration that you want to install PLEASE, you MUST save the file to your HOME directory["k" icon on the taskbar, quick browser, 'home folder'] that way you will have ZERO problems.
Now, Im not going to tell you how to install a specific thing like how to install a Window Decoration (this is where the end of the filenames/filetypes come into play). Go to KDE-look.org and find WHAT YOU WANT. Click the "download" link. This may take you to another page ( usually the author's homepage) to download or will begin downloading IMMEDIATELY. When the dialogue box pops up, LOOK AT THE END OF THE FILENAME THAT IT IS ASKING YOU TO SAVE. [ filename.{this is the filetype}] Such as: crystal08.tgz - .tgz is the filetype. That's what you need to look for as you download to make sure you install it correctly. Now, ONTO THE INSTALLING.
*Also. If you are not in the root user account, you must get into a root console by clicking[ session, new root console] in the Konsole.

--COMPILING-- for .tar.gz, .tgz, .tar.bz2 files
Yes, indeed the hardest one comes first. IF your file has one of the filename- endings (filetypes) mentioned above, you must compile. People say that compiling is extremely hard- I say NO. Here we go:
1. "Unpack" your file after you've downloaded it into your home directory. [right click the file, click actions, extract here] This will create a folder in your home directory
2. Open a 'terminal program' or 'console' ( the little black computer screen with some symbols on it on the taskbar, or the "K" menu, System, and Terminal Program (Konsole) program is what you select. A rectangular window should appear. wait for some letters and symbols to appear in the window. Such as, (but text may vary) root@box:~# .
3. Type
Code:
cd [filename]
Where [filename] is your EXTRACTED file's folder name ( no brackets of course, and DO NOT GIVE ITS LOCATION, like (/home/filename). NONONONONONONO! That is not correct. No filetypes.
4. So, after you've done that, the text in the box should have moved down a line and say:
Code:
root@box:~/acqua-3.2#

Demo Konsole view:
Code:
root@box:~# cd acqua-3.2
root@box:~/acqua-3.2#

acqua-3.2 was the name of the folder that was created after the "extract here"
NOW TYPE:
Code:
./configure --prefix=`kde-config --prefix`
(it probably would be better to copy and paste this code directly from this page. OR type:
Code:
./configure

5. that will run and cause the Konsole to madly execute different commands, which will show up on the screen as never ending words- WAIT for about 5 minutes.
6. then, type at the prompt:
Code:
make

7. then:
Code:
make install

8. The install should finish. These are generic instructions, remember, so if something goes wrong, or if you get an error, please copy and paste the error into a reply to this post. Sometimes, the theme/style, etc. needs stuff like qt version 3.3 or so which you don't have. in that case, try another. (ON KDE-LOOK.ORG, THE AUTHORS OFTEN TELL YOU WHAT YOU NEED FOR THE INSTALL TO WORK) Look for your installed theme/style/windowdec in the appropriate location in the Control Center.

--AHA! DEBIAN PACKAGES-- .deb files
These are incredibly simple to install.
1. Open a Konsole as described above, and type
Code:
dpkg -i [filename.deb]
This time, it's a bit different. YOU DO include the filetype at the end in the filename, and once again, NO BRACKETS. Look for your installed thing in the appropriate location in the Control Center.

--aha!- i found a suse .rpm package!-- .rpm files
1. THIS iS not a method that has been tested! Try anyway, can't hurt Wink
2. OPen the Konsole.
3. type:
Code:
alien [filename.rpm]

OR if not in a root console
Code:
fakeroot alien [filename.rpm]

4. Then perform the same steps you would as with a Debian Package.(above)

--Theme Manager-- .kth
There is only one theme i found for that. If you find any others, just download it to ANYPLACE on your harddrive, open the control center, and go to appearance, theme manager, install new theme.
If you want to install the theme manager and have KDE 3.2, download the manager from http://developer.kde.org/~lukas/kthememanager/ and compile using the above instructions for compiling. Restart the computer, and it should appear under appearance in the control center.

I hope this helps all who once were confused like me. And remember, if you run into problems, stick with this:
1. Download to the HOME directory, much easier
2. Make sure your computer matches the requirements the author specifies on KDE-look.org
3. Run in root
4. Send me a Private Message or reply to this forum.
I also would like feedback if these instructions WORKED in addition to if it didn't work. I will also post a list of themes/styles/Windowdecorations that worked for me from KDE look soon.

Indonesian Customizing FAQ

2008-07-13T07:15:20Z

203.158.221.227: trocalv

rolviracr
bocactroctav
----
Kembali ke [[Indonesian Knoppix FAQ]]
----
== Cara Remastering Knoppix ==
[[Knoppix Remastering Howto Indonesian]]

== Script pengkostumisasi CD KNOPPIX ==
http://www.ing-buero-unger.de/prj/knx/index.html

== Pengoptimalan Kecepatan ==
Knoppix orisinil sudah dioptimalkan kecepatannya (Anda dapat membayangkannya seperti "defragmentasi untuk CD"). Hampir semua Remastering FAQ dan script belum mengoptimalkan kecepatan remaster. Jadi, Knoppix yang orisinil berjalan lebih cepat dari CD daripada kebanyakan remaster! http://mailman.linuxtag.org/pipermail/debian-knoppix/2003-January/001593.html

== Pertanyaan Yang Sering Diajukan ==

# Saya sudah membaca HOWTO, tapi tidak disebutkan bagaimana caranya mengkostumisasi desktop KDE, panel, dan program startup. Saya sudah menemukan bahwa setelah saya chroot, saya dapat melihat KDE saya berubah dalam '''/ramdisk/home/knoppix/.kde/''' dan saya kopikan ke '''/etc/skel/.kde/''' dan ke '''/home/knoppix/.kde/''' tapi tampaknya tidak dihiraukan. Apa yang perlu saya lakukan?

----

Lihat juga:
* CD Knoppix yang sudah dikostumisasi untuk download di [[Knoppix Customizations]]
* http://www.linuxdevcenter.com/pub/a/linux/2003/11/20/knoppix.html?page=2
----
kembali ke [[Indonesian Knoppix FAQ]]

[[Category : FAQ Page]]

Gimp

2008-07-13T06:23:54Z

203.158.221.227: aceloutade

c4tricge
The [[Gimp | GIMP]] is a bitmap graphics editor. [[Gimp | GIMP]] stands for [[GNU]] Image Manipulation Program. [[Gimp | GIMP]] is an application program for creating and processing raster graphics. It also has some support for vector graphics.

=External links=

* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/GIMP Gimp Wikipedia Article]
* [http://www.gimp.org/ GIMP home page]

[[Category: Open Source Applications]]

Syslinux bootprompt

2008-07-13T03:50:02Z

203.158.221.227: sitbocbocpas

acelno
The [[syslinux bootprompt]] is a visual [[command line]] prompt that appears right after the host computer has started knoppix from the CD or other media. The [[syslinux bootprompt]] allows you to put in [[Cheat Codes]].

It looks like this:

'''boot>'''

Install FAQ Deutsch

2008-07-13T00:45:59Z

203.158.221.227: bomonnotrn

sitrolc

[[Category : FAQ Page]]

KDE

2008-07-12T22:24:06Z

203.158.221.227: domcnaaceltr

darmonzel

Download manager

2008-07-12T21:35:11Z

203.158.221.227: rotrmo

noboc4t
Describe [[download manager]] here.

{{page-stub}}

Linus Torvalds

2008-07-12T20:57:30Z

203.158.221.227: eltoloeltl

aceltrcositv
oloorv
Torvalds was born in Helsinki, the capital of Finland, as the son of Anna and Nils, and the grandson of poet Ole Torvalds. Both of his parents were campus radicals at the University of Helsinki in the 1960s, his father a Communist who in the mid-1970s spent a year studying in Moscow. This caused embarrassment to Linus at the time since other children would tease him about his father's politics.

His family belongs to the Swedish-speaking minority (roughly 6% of Finland's population). Torvalds was named after Linus Pauling. He attended the University of Helsinki from 1988 to 1996, graduating with a masters degree in computer science.

Torvalds lived for many years in San Jose, California with his wife Tove (six-time Finnish national Karate champion), whom he first met in fall 1993, his cat Randi (short for Mithrandir, the Elvish name for Gandalf, a wizard in The Lord of the Rings), and his three daughters Patricia Miranda (born December 5, 1996), Daniela Yolanda (born April 16, 1998) and Celeste Amanda (born November 20, 2000). In June 2004, Linus purchased a home in Beaverton, Oregon and enrolled his children in school in that area. [[1]] ([http://www.siliconvalley.com/mld/siliconvalley/business/technology/personal_technology/8918396.htm)]

He worked for Transmeta Corporation from February 1997 until June 2003, and is now seconded to the Open Source Development Labs, a Beaverton, Oregon based software consortium. Linus and his family recently moved to Portland, Oregon in an effort to be closer to his employer.

His personal mascot is a penguin nicknamed Tux, widely adopted by the Linux community as the mascot of Linux.

Linus's law, a tenet inspired by Linus and coined by Eric S. Raymond in his paper The Cathedral and the Bazaar, is: "Given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow." A deep bug is one which is hard to find, and with many people looking for it, the hope (and so far most experience) is that no bug will be deep. Both men share an open source philosophy, which has been in part (and implicitly) based on this belief.

Unlike many open source "evangelists", Torvalds keeps a low profile and generally refuses to comment on competing software products, such as Microsoft's commercially dominant Windows operating system. He is neutral enough to even have been criticized by the GNU project, specifically for having worked on proprietary software with Transmeta and for his use and alleged advocacy of Bitkeeper. Nevertheless, Torvalds has occasionally reacted with strong statements to what has been widely perceived as anti-Linux (and anti open source) FUD from proprietary software vendors like Microsoft or SCO.

For example, in one e-mail reaction to statements by Microsoft Senior-VP Craig Mundie, who criticized open source software for being non innovative and destructive to intellectual property, Torvalds wrote: "I wonder if Mundie has ever heard of Sir Isaac Newton? He's not only famous for having set the foundations for classical mechanics (and the original theory of gravitation, which is what most people remember, along with the apple tree story), but he is also famous for how he acknowledged the achievement: If I have been able to see further, it was only because I stood on the shoulders of giants ... I'd rather listen to Newton than to Mundie. He may have been dead for almost three hundred years, but despite that he stinks up the room less."

Cloop Version 2.01

2008-07-12T20:32:15Z

203.158.221.227: orsitba

acacelleto
Describe [[Cloop Version 2.01]] here.

#When I try to compile with a 2.6.''' Kernel I get a make: '''** No rule to make target `/usr/src/linux/conf.vars'
#Why doesn't someone integrate this [[http://jcomeau.isa-geek.com/www/blog/cloop''patch''2004-10-01.txt patch]] into cloop 2.01 so that it can read older cloop formats?


[[Category:Bug Pages]]

Galeon

2008-07-12T20:26:33Z

203.158.221.227: acelou

bocpasc4t
[[Galeon]] is a [[Gnome]] based web browser utilizing Mozilla technology.

http://
<a href=http://[/url> http://
</a> http://
http://

CD burner

2008-07-12T19:12:13Z

203.158.221.227: paspasacel

robast
Describe [[CD burner]] here.
nero

{{page-stub}}

Talk:Downloading FAQ

2008-07-12T18:41:17Z

203.158.221.227: rolroldombas

eltdom
trracvieltol
7/19/05 I've taken the liberty of adding some sections to the FAQ and rearranging the existing questions for "better flow". I was trying to keep the individual questions double spaced (some were, some were not), but eventually learned that if you edit an individual question then when you finish the edit that item will be single spaced. So I admitd defeat and put everything single spaced.

Knoppix dev null Permission Denied

2008-07-12T18:34:01Z

203.158.221.227: orc4tacel

drondelrolr
Its commonly reported that when users chroot into an existing linux environment on their harddrive, they encounter the <code>/dev/null: Permission Denied</code> error message. This page attempts to explain it and how to avoid it.

The error is caused by mounting a filesystem with the "nodev" mount option and then chrooting into it. Knoppix automatically places a "users" mount option into the <code>/etc/fstab</code> file, which implies this "nodev" option.

You can override this option by editting /etc/fstab and appending ",dev" to the options column or simply mount your new chroot filesystem by bypassing the /etc/fstab entirely by typing the following command:
# mount /dev/hda1 /mnt/hda1 -o rw

Deb files or Debian Packages

2008-07-12T16:58:10Z

203.158.221.227: codardar

nolialtra
=='''What is a .deb file?'''==

In the Debian Linux distribution (on which Knoppix is based), software is commonly distributed in the form of Debian packages with the .deb file extension. A Debian package is a single file archive which contains the files related to installing a particular program. Also included in the Debian package is a control file which lists what additional Debian packages need to be installed in order to get the program to run. These additional packages are commonly also .deb and are called "dependencies". For more information on the Debian package management system please see: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deb_(file_format) Deb file format].

Because Knoppix is based on Linux, it is possible to download and use .deb files as in order to install new programs into Knoppix.

=='''What you should beware of'''==

''Debian versions and Knoppix''

Debian comes in several versions or releases:

*Stable - presently codenamed Sarge
*Testing - presently codenamed Etch
*Unstable - codenames Sid

Packages for one version are usually not compatible or usable in another version. An attempt to install a package from one version into a system based on another version may lead to instability or crashes.

Knoppix uses a delicately balanced mixture of packages from all three versions, plus packages from Debian-experimental and other unofficial sources. They have been tested to ensure that they work together.

However when you download and install a Debian package and add it to Knoppix, you have no idea which version of .deb is suitable. Even if you successfully install a .deb package plus all its dependencies, it does not mean that there will be no problems later.

In general, a single stand-alone application package with no dependencies (other than those already included in Knoppix) will install and run successfully if you pick the .deb from the "Testing" or "Unstable" version.

If, on the other hand, the .deb calls for installing or updating a lot of dependencies including big components such as kde libraries, then problems are almost certainly going to occur and Knoppix is going to "break". This is the cause of many hard-disk install problems.

''Dependency Hell''

Some Debian pacakges will require you to install other Debian packages before they themselves can be installed. These other pacakges ("dependencies") may in turn have further dependencies. The tedium of manually downloading more and more packages in order to satisfy all the dependencies is sometimes called descending into "dependency hell".

There are utilities such as [[apt-get]] which can automate the process of gathering all dependencies. However, often, by the time all the dependencies are gathered, so much may have changed that the delicate balance of Knoppix is upset and Knoppix may "break".

=='''Installing a .deb package'''==

''Using the GUI''

In Knoppix, if you have the downloaded the .deb file onto the desktop or are viewing the file from konqueror, clicking on the icon will launch the package manager called kpackage. Click install. If everything works, you will see "Result=0".

If there is a problem, you will get "Result=1" and kpackage will describe the problem, such as listing what dependencies are missing and need to be installed first.

''Using the Command-line''

Please see here: [[dpkg]] for information on how to use the dpkg command at the command-line to handle .deb files

''Automating the Gathering of Dependencies''

See [[apt-get]] and [[synaptic]].

[[Category:Useful Linux Commands]]

Hardware FAQ Spanish

2008-07-12T16:52:09Z

203.158.221.227: codompasdom

trchitabasre

[[Category : FAQ Page]]

Desktop environment

2008-07-12T16:28:18Z

203.158.221.227: troclicri

darcnadoma
A [[desktop environment]] is a complete [[GUI | graphical user interface]], ([[GUI]]) solution. The [[desktop environment]] provides icons, toolbars, applications, applets, and abilities like drag&drop. As a whole, the particularities of design and function of a [[desktop environment]] endow it with distinctive look and feel.

The term really only makes sense in the context of systems running the [Xfree86 X Window System]

Talk:Headless Knoppix

2008-07-12T15:57:58Z

203.158.221.227: reloloord

cdrontrocrel

User talk:S-max

2008-07-12T15:52:13Z

203.158.221.227: elcarel

getrovivarde
hello world! so banal ...

FTP FAQ Spanish

2008-07-12T14:09:39Z

203.158.221.227: chielt

bocboel

[[Category : FAQ Page]]

Console

2008-07-12T12:55:45Z

203.158.221.227: basboceltli

basc4tc
Console may be:

In computing and video games:
Computer console, a physical device to operate a computer
Virtual console, a user interface for multiple computer consoles on one device
Command line interface, the typical use of the computer console
Terminal emulator, a program that substitutes for a computer console or computer terminal
Win32 console, the terminal emulator of Microsoft Windows
Console (video game CLI), a game command-line user interface element for personal computer games originated in Quake
Video game console, a specific device for playing video games
Handheld game console, a specific lightweight and portable device for playing video games
A secondary web browser window pop-up

In music:
Organ console, which includes the keys, stops, and foot pedals for playing music.
Mixing console, a device for controlling and combining audio signals
Console (musician) (indie rock), a music project by Martin Gretschmann
Tape recorder (also used for computer tape)
Timpani console, a set of timpani.

Console may also refer to:
Lighting control console, a device for controlling theatrical lighting
A small cabinet, which gave its name to the computer consoles
Comforting someone in distress
Corbel, a support element in the architecture of a construction such as a balcony
A type of home entertainment center, with various home electronics housed in a self-contained unit
A storage compartment in the center of a bucket seating setup for modern-day automobiles

By,
Pratik Patel.

Embedded Live CD

2008-07-12T10:50:42Z

203.158.221.227: caricaceltar

nocovicgetv

Philippine Knoppix FAQ

2008-07-12T09:27:14Z

203.158.221.227: racgetelbo

letolalaz
calavaracl
== '''UNSA NA ANG KNOPPIX?''' ==

Ang KNOPPIX ay usang compilation ug GNU/Linux software, nga mudagan sa CD ug DVD.
Maayo ni kay mahibaw-an ang imong Video Card, Sound Card, Network
Card, Printer, Modem ug uban pa. Kaning linux ay mao sa Linux demo, a training
course CD, a rescue system or as a platform para commercial software product demos.

Modagan na sa CD.

== '''Unsa man ang Hardware Requirements para dinhi?''' ==

Para modagan ang Knoppix Linux. Gikinahanglan mo ang:

- Intel-compatible nga CPU (i486 o mas maayo),
- 32 MB nga RAM para text mode, ug labing minos 82 MB nga memory kung graphical mode with KDE.
(Para makapadagan ug various Office applications, labing minos 128 MB ang girekomendar nga memory),
- a bootable CD-ROM/DVD drive (IDE/ATAPI, Firewire, USB or SCSI),
- a standard SVGA-compatible graphics card,
- and a standard serial or PS/2 mouse, or IMPS/2-compatible USB Mouse.

== '''Asa man ko makangayo ug Knoppix CD?''' ==
Mao ka maka download ug LINUX sa [www.Knopper.Net]. Kung naa ka problema sa pag download ug
knoppix image. Mao ka makangayo ug copy sa Cebu GNU Linux User's Group(CEGNULUG).
just pay for CD and mobilization cost.

Kani ang available option mara magroon ug Knoppix
Option 1. CD only ($0.75)
Option 2. CD Installation Training(Linux Setup) Basic Manual ($9.00)
Option 3. Option 2 Tech. Support ($20.00)

''all currency in US Dollar. Excluded of Shipment fee and applicable taxes.''

For order. Contact us here.[http://www.cegnulug.org/index.php?option=com_contact

Gbrowse on 4.0.2CD

2008-07-12T04:59:14Z

203.158.221.227: c4toubocla

nodoml
The [http://www.gmod.org/GBrowse Generic Genome Browser], GBrowse, is a combination of database and interactive web page for manipulating and displaying annotations on genomes.
__TOC__

= Code to install a basic GBrowse environment =

Prerequisites: a persistent disk image of about 300 MB. I used 500 MB just to be sure I had enough room for temporary files and the like.
<pre><nowiki>#!/bin/bash

set -x

die () {
echo "$1"
exit $2
}

apt-get update || die "unable to apt-get" 1
apt-get -y install perl-doc libcgi-perl libgd-gd2-perl libdbi-perl \
libdbd-mysql-perl libmd5-perl libtext-shellwords-perl bioperl || die "unable to install " 2

cd /root
# wget 'http://umn.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/gmod/Generic-Genome-Browser-1.62.tar.gz' || die "unable to wget" 3
wget 'http://umn.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/gmod/Generic-Genome-Browser-1.62.tar.gz' || die "unable to wget" 3
tar -xzvf Generic-Genome-Browser-1.62.tar.gz || die "unable to untar" 4

( cd Generic-Genome-Browser-1.62/ &&
perl Makefile.PL CONF=/etc/apache/ HTDOCS=/var/www/ CGIBIN=/usr/lib/cgi-bin/ &&
make &&
make install || die "unable to install gbrowse" 5
)

/etc/init.d/apache restart

</nowiki></pre>
Point your browser to http://localhost/gbrowse

To enable gbrowse to start at boot time:
update-rc.d apache start 40 2 3 4 5 . stop 60 0 1 6 .

= Code to install an intermediate gbrowse environment =
Perform a basic install and then run the following code:
<pre><nowiki>#!/bin/bash
set -x

die () {
echo "$1"
exit $2
}

apt-get update || die "unable to apt-get" 1

# XML::Parser, XML::Writer, XML::Twig, XML::DOM, LWP, GD::SVG
apt-get install libxml-parser-perl libxml-writer-perl libxml-twig-perl \
libxml-dom-perl libwww-perl

# don't have this quite down yet

</nowiki></pre>

User:Rwcitek

2008-07-12T04:07:07Z

203.158.221.227: ormondro

lieltoloel
Loving Knoppix. I use it to demonstrate Linux at our local Linux Users Group:

* http://www.cwelug.org/

Useful links on this site:
* [[Special:Specialpages]]
* [[Special:Userlogin]]
* [http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Editing Help:Editing ]
* [[laptops]]
* [[simplified remaster 3.8.2]]
* [[trivial remaster 3.8.2]]
* [[gmailfs]]
* [[gbrowse on 4.0.2CD]]
* [[openVPN on 4.0.2CD]]
* [[customizing environment using 4.0.2CD]]
* [[boot process 4.0.2CD]]
* [[poor-mans install, grub, PDI]]
* [[ROX on 4.0.2CD]]

----
__TOC__

= Standard response for HW&Boot questions =
<pre><nowiki>Some questions:
- What version of Knoppix are you using?
- Have you looked at the [url=http://www.knoppix.net/wiki/Cheat_Codes#Tips.26Tricks]Tips&Tricks[/url] section of the Cheatcodes page?
- If yes, what boot options did you try and how far did you get in the boot process?
- Are you getting any error messages and, if yes, what exactly do they say?

Regards,
- Robert
http://www.cwelug.org
</nowiki></pre>

= Introductory questions =
Hello and welcome to Knoppix.net.

We hope that you enjoy your use of Knoppix and hope you become an active member of the community. There's no membership fee. We just ask that you help us and others by becoming familiar with Knoppix, posting questions, and letting the rest of us know how things go. Also, I noticed that you joined recently and so was wondering if you wouldn't mind answering a few questions.

# - How did you hear about Knoppix?
# - How did you discover Knoppix.net?
# - What versions of Knoppix have you tried?
# - What type of system are you running Knoppix on?
# - What operating system is currently installed on that system?
# - How long have you been using computers, or how familiar are you with computers?
# - Have you used linux before? If so, how long?
# - What do you hope to do with Knoppix or Linux?
# - Are you familiar with a wiki? If so, have you used a wiki before, e.g wrote some content?

These questions are for my curiosity only. They won't be compiled or given to anyone else. I thank you in advance for your responses.

And if you do something with Knoppix however small, please tell us about it, either on the forums or on the wiki page.

Regards, 
- Robert 
http://www.cwelug.org

Tips And Tricks

2008-07-12T03:55:50Z

203.158.221.227: sitzellio

zeleltaa
----

netcat 10.0.1.5 9100 < print.ps
If you ever need to print to an HP jetdirect printer but don't want to bother setting up the printing manager and CUPS etc, then you can just print to a .ps file. In this example the file name is called '''print.ps'''. If you're IP address was '''10.0.1.5''', then you would type the command string above in a term window.

- true1ever
----

[[Category:Useful Linux Commands]]

Knoppix mirrors

2008-07-11T19:13:02Z

203.158.221.227: getzelb

cac4tbo
Because the files needed to distribute Knoppix are so large, a number of sites around the world have volunteered to host exact copies of those files in order to "share the load" of bandwidth.

If you decide to download a Knoppix ISO file (as opposed to [http://www.knoppix.net/get.php getting one via Bittorrent] or ordering physical media), please look at the [http://knopper.net/knoppix-mirrors/index-en.html official list of mirror sites] and select one of those that are geographically closest to you.

== New Updates ==

In the period immediately after a Knoppix update, many people will be trying to get the new files simultaneously. Also, because the process of updating mirrors is not instantaneous, some mirrors will not have the new files yet, and some mirrors will have partial files. Both of these factors make [http://www.knoppix.net/get.php obtaining Knoppix via BitTorrent] a much better option than using FTP during these times. (While "many people downloading" makes FTP slower, it makes BitTorrent faster.)

Ssh-agent and KNOPPIX

2008-07-11T06:47:07Z

203.158.221.227: oubasdarorno

ricbasalrel
In order to use [[http://www.deadman.org/ssh-tut.html ssh-agent]] with Knoppix, or any system, you want it
to be started up during X11 initialization so the right environment variables are inherited by
all applications. In order to do this with KNOPPIX you should....

...you have to flail around the Internet or the documentation hoping to run across an up-to-date answer that works. So far you won't find it here.

But I do offer ''the story so far'' in hopes that it will attract attention here and get this page updated with the right answer.

One informative site, with answers that at least used to work with SUSE linux are at http://www.topology.org/linux/kde.html
But there is no $HOME/.xsession file in KNOPPIX 3.4, it doesn't seem to read it if it is there, and there no model to work from at /etc/X11/xdm/sys.xsession

/etc/X11/Xsession.options already has "use-ssh-agent" but that seems ignored.

A friend writes: It looks like it is trying to do the right thing and use ssh,
but I think it is configured wrong.
There is a directory /etc/X11/xsession.d, and in that dir are a bunch of
scripts whose names start with 2 digit numbers. xsession runs those scripts
one at a time. There are a couple (why two?) of scripts that setup ssh.
Unfortunately, their numbers are greater than 50, and 50 is the number of the
script that actually starts all the X stuff. It looks to me like the script
numbered 50 should be renamed to 99 for ssh to work right.

In KNOPPIX version 3.4, the situation is a bit different, but with the
same effect. The file 45xsession starts X11 up, and doesn't use
the $STARTUP convention used by latter scripts like 90xfree86-common_ssh-agent

----
A freedesktop.org standard for how to incorporate ssh-agent would seem
like a good idea. See e.g. http://freedesktop.org/pipermail/xdg/2003-May/001639.html

help...

----

2007-03-08: if you don't want to break the knoppix startup sequence, a quick hack would be to change the /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc:

change

. /etc/X11/Xsession

to

ssh-agent /etc/X11/Xsession

hope it helps..

----

[[Category:Useful Linux Commands]]
[[Category: Networking]]

Instalación FAQ

2008-07-11T06:20:37Z

203.158.221.227: ouvier

letora

[[Category : FAQ Page]]

Ls

2008-07-11T03:03:07Z

203.158.221.227: alboczelc4ts

sitcnariccn
[[ls]] The [[ls]] command is used to list files on [[linux]] based systems. [[GUI]] file managers are nice to use. However, [[ls]] can be used as a fast tool where a user does not have to click themselves to death.

[[ls]] -l
List files in a directory in '''l'''ong directory information format.

[[ls]] -lrt
List files in a directory in '''l'''ong directory information format; '''r'''everse order; sorted by '''t'''ime.

[[ls]] -lart
List files in a directory in '''l'''ong directory information format; '''a''' including hidden, ., dot files and directories; '''r'''everse order; sorted by '''t'''ime.

[[ls]] -l | egrep -i '^(d|l)'
The reason why you would want to venture into the [[command line]] world occurs when you start to pipe, |, the [[ls]] output into another command for customized list of files.

[[ls]] > myfiles.txt
This is one of the most useful [[ls]] commands. It allows you to redirect [[ls]]'s output to a file with the name of your choice. The data in the file can be manipulated with your favorite editor. [[ls]] puts each file or directory on a newline in the file. Please see [[redirection]] for more information.

[[Category:Useful Linux Commands]]