Knoppix Documentation Wiki - User contributions [en]

Apt

2006-12-21T12:02:09Z

1166701222:

apt-get install

Lazy FAQ: After starting a new system.

apt-setup (Pick USA, Debian, or kernel.mirror & ? secondary.)

apt-get update
apt-get upgrade

# Now add your favorite packages.
apt-get install gcal

You can also do this once in awhile<br>
apt-get dist-upgrade<br>
(it will upgrade all the stuff to the latest version).<br>

to search for a particular package use apt-cache, e.g.<br>
apt-cache search apache<br>
apt-cache show apache<br>

---
You can also use aptitude or other apt management tools. --[LarsOlson]

---
For further information read the debian manual at http://www.debian.org/doc/user-manuals#apt-howto

[[Category:Useful Linux Commands]]

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Security Live CD

2006-12-21T12:02:08Z

1166701222:

== [http://www.remote-exploit.org Auditor security collection] ==
Auditor Security Collection is a Knoppix based LiveCD with focus on '''Security'''.<br>
Feature: starndarised working environment, remote support, optimal toolset.<br>
Content: Tools for foot-printing, analysis, scanning, wireless driver, brute-forcing, cracking, information on standard configurations and password, 64 millions word list, productivity (web browsers, editor, graphic, report generator), Wellenreiter and Kismet with automatic hardware identification, wireless card drivers.<br>
*Homepage: http://www.remote-exploit.org
*Download: http://www.remote-exploit.org/content/mirrors.html
*Forum: http://data.forumhoster.com/forum_max1111
*Latest version: auditor-081004-01
*MD5Sum: 11171a92c2f5f7f65c3d055fc13a7f5
*Size: 538 MB.
*Author: Max Moser
-----
== [http://echelonlinux.free.fr/ Echelonlinux] ==
Echelon is a Damn Small Linux based distro from '''France''', for '''monitoring''' and '''managing''' network. <br>
Content: Apache based system, network monitoring with Nagios, vulnerabilities scan with Nessus, services monitoring, configuration tools (with web interface).<br>
*Homepage: http://www.echelonlinux.org
*Download: ftp://mirror2.echelonlinux.org/
*Screenshot: http://www.echelonlinux.org/index.html#screenshot
*Latest version: 0.2.iso
*Size: 108,172 KB
*Language: '''French''' and '''English'''
*Author: Mikaël Mourcia.
-----
== [http://www.e-fense.com/helix/ Helix] ==
Helix focuses on Incident Response & Forensics tools. Helix has been modified very carefully to NOT touch the host computer in any way and it is forensically sound. Helix wil not auto mount swap space, nor auto mount any attached devices. Helix also has a special Windows autorun side for Incident Response and Forensics.

*Homepage: http://www.e-fense.com/helix/
*Size: ?
*Language: '''English'''
*Forums: http://www.e-fense.com/helix/forum/index.php
-----
== [http://www.inside-security.de/INSERT_en.html INSERT] ==
Inside '''Security Rescue''' Toolkit (INSERT) is a LiveCD based on Knoppix. <br>
Content: various tools: network analysis (lcrzoex), disaster [http://www.datasol.org/disaster-recovery.php recovery ] (gpart),<br>
anti virus (Clam Antivirus), forensics (chkrootkit), surf internet (links, AxY FTP)
*Homepage: http://www.inside-security.de/INSERT_en.html]
*Size: Small, fit into credit card sized CD-ROM.
*Language: '''German''', '''English'''
-----
== [http://www.knoppix-std.org Knoppix STD] ==
KnoppixSTD is a Knoppix based LiveCD with focus on '''Security''' and '''Network management''' tools. Content: Fluxbox, Wide variety of security tools.<br>
*Homepage: http://www.s-t-d.org
*Forum: http://www.forum.s-t-d.org
-----

== [http://www.localareasecurity.com/ Local Area Security Knoppix] ==
Local Area Security is a Knoppix based distro with focus on '''Security tools'''.<br>
Content: pen testing, forensics, monitoring, firewalls, IDS, and administration.<br>
*Homepage: http://www.localareasecurity.com
*Latest version: 0.4 Main
*Size: 185 MB and 210 MB '''MiniCD'''.
-----
== [http://www.linux-forensics.com Penguin Sleuth Kit] ==
Penguin Sleuth Kit is a Knoppix based LiveCD with focus on '''computer forensic examinations''' and '''information security''' tools. <br>
*Homepage: http://www.linux-forensics.com
*Forum: http://www.linux-forensics.com
-----

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Bootable USB Key

2006-12-21T12:02:07Z

1166701222:

Knoppix 5.0.1 boots rather nicely from a [http://mydatapages.com/usb_key.html USB] key. It's getting easier to get it working, as the USB bugs from the previous versions have been fixed.

This is a "recipe" for creating a Knoppix bootable USB key. It was originally posted to the forums: http://knoppix.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=25402

==Ingredients==

* Knoppix 5.0.1 CD

It must be the CD. The DVD is much too large.

* 1GB USB key, U3-free

I recommend 1GB. Smaller sizes won't hold the entire CD. Larger sizes may have trouble booting on older BIOS's (see below about USB-ZIP).

Back up all data on your USB key first, because we will be erasing and reformatting it!

Unfortunately, many newer USB keys come with "U3" Windows software (malware?) preinstalled. Removing U3 is highly recommended, and will free up additional space on your USB key, as well as eliminate a source of potential conflicts.

Find a Windows machine, and try these programs to uninstall U3. Unfortunately, they are a bit flaky. If one does not work, try the other:

http://www.sandisk.com/Assets/u3/launchpadremoval.exe
http://www.u3.com/uninstall/final.aspx

To my knowledge, U3 has not yet been reverse-engineered, and the U3 vendors are secretive, so there's no way to manipulate it from Linux.

==Instructions==

* Boot Knoppix 5.0.1 from CD and make sure that it works.

As soon as the title screen of Knoppix appears (the cheatcode entry screen), put in the USB key.

Do this before Knoppix starts to load, so that your USB key is sure to be found by Knoppix's autodetection.

Do not use the "toram" cheatcode when booting Knoppix. The RAM copy of the CD omits the /boot directory, but we require this directory, so we can't use the RAM copy.

* Once Knoppix is up and running, open a root shell (from the penguin icon).

Now, we need to find the drive letter of your USB key. It will be something like /dev/sda, /dev/sdb, /dev/sdc, and so on. Be very careful and make absolutely sure you have the drive letter correct, because you will be erasing the USB key, and you don't want to erase your hard drive by mistake!

Examples of possible commands to try:

dmesg | grep -i scsi

dmesg | grep -i usb

cat /proc/partitions

Look at the sizes of the various drives you see here. Find your USB key, and do not get it confused with your hard drive! For the rest of this example, I'm going to be using ''/dev/sdz'', a fictional drive letter that nobody has, just to prevent bad mistakes from typing in commands blindly.

* Erase your entire USB key.

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdz

Did you use the right drive letter? ''Did you?'' If not, you'll be crying, right about now....

This command will take a while to finish. By writing to every block on the USB key, we are also testing it for bad blocks.

You should get the "no space left on device" error message when it finishes erasing and reaches the end of the drive. Any other error messages might mean bad blocks: if you notice any, your key might be worn out and you'll need to buy another one (cheap keys are notorious for wearing out very quickly).

* Run the mkdiskimage script, to automatically partition and format your USB key.

mkdiskimage -4 /dev/sdz 0 64 32

''Caution about USB keys larger than 1GB: This mkdiskimage command might not work. If you get an error, then see the bottom of this page for alternate mkdiskimage commands that you can try.''

This lays down a new MBR and partition table on the drive, and partitions and formats the entire drive as one big FAT16 partition. Even though I prefer FAT32, I'm recommending FAT16 here, for increased compatibility with some strange BIOS's.

The mkdiskimage script is USB-ZIP compliant, which may help it boot on more systems than USB-HDD. It's nice that Knoppix now includes this script by default. Here's the webpage for mkdiskimage, for additional reference: http://syslinux.zytor.com/usbkey.php

KDE may throw a stupid popup window in your face, once it recognizes your new partition. If this happens, close the window.

* Run the [http://mydatapages.com/syslinux.html SYSLINUX] installer on your new partition.

syslinux -s /dev/sdz4

This installs the SYSLINUX bootloader onto the newly-created partition, and includes a special file, ldlinux.sys. The -s option is for safety and additional compatibility. Notice the partition is the fourth partition on the drive, not the first. This is for USB-ZIP compliance.

* Mount your new partition.

mount /media/sdz4

Knoppix should have autodetected the new partition and set up a fstab entry for it. The /media/sdz4 directory should now correspond to the /dev/sdz4 partition.

cd /media/sdz4
ls

You should notice one, and only one, file in this directory now: ''ldlinux.sys''

If you don't see this, then something probably went wrong earlier. Go back and try again before continuing.

* Copy the contents of the Knoppix CD's boot directory, onto your USB key.

You should already be in the ''/media/sdz4'' directory, from the cd command above.

cp -av /cdrom/boot/isolinux/* .
mv isolinux.cfg syslinux.cfg
rm -f isolinux.bin

Don't forget the dot on the end. It tells the cp command to copy everything into your current directory, which is what we want. Notice that there is a space between the asterisk and the dot!

Ignore any errors about "failed to preserve ownership". This is normal, because we're using the FAT filesystem, which does not support file ownership. This is not a problem for us.

What we're doing here is copying the Knoppix CD's /boot directory first. This increases reliability, by getting it as close to the beginning of the drive as possible. This should help on systems with buggy CHS handling of USB keys, which may become an issue as new USB keys get larger.

We are renaming Knoppix's isolinux.cfg file to syslinux.cfg, and then removing the unnecessary isolinux.bin file. ISOLINUX (used to boot the CD) and SYSLINUX (what we just installed to your USB key) are really two different variations of the same bootloader program. They accept the same config file format, so we don't need to change anything at all, just rename.

BTW, since ISOLINUX has isolinux.bin as its main program file, can you guess what is the equivalent file for SYSLINUX? If you guessed ldlinux.sys, the file you saw earlier, good job!

* Finish copying the rest of the Knoppix CD.

Again, you should still be in the ''/media/sdz4'' directory. Again, don't forget the dot on the end of this command.

cp -av /cdrom/* .
rm -rf ./boot

This should take a while. We are filling up the USB key with the contents of the Knoppix CD.

We already copied Knoppix's /boot directory earlier, in the previous step. We don't need two copies of it just wasting space, so we remove the extra copy.

* You are now ready to boot!

Cleanly unmount the USB key.

sync
cd /
umount /media/sdz4
sync

Shut down Knoppix, and remove the CD when it tells you to.

* Reset your computer and fiddle with the BIOS until it sees the USB key.

After unmounting above, the USB key can be removed. Some BIOS's require a removal and re-insertion before they will recognize it.

Other things to try, if you're having trouble getting the BIOS to see your USB key and let you boot from it:

# Try a different USB port. Some BIOS's only search a few ports, not all of them. Avoid using a USB hub, if possible.
# Hit a special key to bring up a boot menu. Some BIOS's can only boot from USB when manually selected.
# Go into your BIOS's setup menu, and walk through the boot settings. Look under all menus, especially "hard drives" and "removable devices" and other things like that. Some BIOS's will not search for newly attached devices until you manually go through the menus again.
# Turn your computer completely off and on again. Some BIOS's require you to physically turn the computer off and on again, before they will see newly attached "hard drives".
# If all else fails, try a different PC. It's still fairly rare these days to find a computer that has a good ability to boot from USB devices, and it's not something that motherboard makers advertise, so it takes a bit of luck to find a computer that can do this.

* Boot into Knoppix from your USB key.

The USB key will be slow to load at first, especially during the cheatcode screen, because most BIOS's will default to running USB devices in a very slow mode. Once Knoppix detects and autoconfigures the USB port during booting, though, it will return to normal speed.

If it works, that's great. Notice how much faster it is. There's zero seek time on a USB key, so even though it isn't very fast, it feels a lot faster than the CD. Programs are surprisingly quick to load.

Find the drive letter for your USB key again. It should not change, but it might have.

* Make the USB key writeable.

Knoppix assumes that the "CD-ROM" that it booted from is impossible to write to, but we have a USB key now, not a CD-ROM. So, we must fool Knoppix into letting you write to it.

mount -o remount,rw /cdrom
mount --bind /cdrom /media/sdz4

* Optional step: Modify the Knoppix boot menu

This is an optional step, for customization. We want Knoppix to autofind the persistent home directory (once we make it), and fix a few other things.

vi /media/sdz4/syslinux.cfg

On line 3, the default timeout is 300. Lower this, to around 50 or so (5 seconds, since this counter is in tenths of seconds).

It's nice to have it boot faster, without waiting for you to hit Enter, so you can put in the USB key and walk away, coming back in a few minutes to a fully booted system.

On line 2, add a few more options to the end of the line.

noswap noeject noprompt dma home=scan

Here's a little explanation of what each option does.

; noswap : Security fix: assuming you're going to be using the USB key on a bunch of different computers you don't own, you don't want to be swapping your memory onto their hard drives.
; noeject : You can't physically eject a USB key.
; noprompt : Gets rid of the "remove CD and close drive door" prompt when shutting down, as this prompt is rather misleading when it's really a USB key instead.
; dma : Gets you a significant speed increase when dealing with many IDE drives, a good thing to have.
; home=scan : This will cause Knoppix to pick up your persistent home directory automatically the next time you boot up, asking you for the password as needed. You will get an extra menu during bootup, asking you if you want to mount your home directory or not.

Save the file and quit the editor.

* Optional step: Create a Knoppix persistent home directory

Now, we can run the Knoppix persistent utility, to create something that will save your settings across a reboot.

(It's under the penguin menu, Configure, Create Persistent.)

Choose your drive from the menu that appears, and follow the instructions.

When making your encrypted persistent home directory, choose a size that is a good balance. I recommend not using the entire remaining space on the USB key. It's handy to have some extra free space, for quick file copying and such. Also, if you have a large USB key with roughly 260MB of free space or more, and need to also work under Windows, you can install PortableApps (see below).

The program should complete without errors. If the program suddenly disappears midway through, check the kernel logs with "dmesg" again. If you see pagefuls of SCSI errors and such, beware, you might have a worn-out USB key!

==You're done!==

Now, you should be all set. Reboot again, to make sure it all works.

Enjoy your Knoppix-on-a-keychain!

Josh

--[[User:Krellan|Krellan]] 00:43, 10 Sep 2006 (GMT)

==Large USB keys==

For USB keys over 1GB in size, you might want to try alternate command lines for the mkdiskimage command above.

Here are some recommendations. These are untested, as the USB key I currently own is only 1GB in size. Feel free to post results here.

These will break USB-ZIP compatibility, as it is a USB-ZIP requirement to have 64 heads and 32 sectors. Unfortunately, there is no other way, as a valid cylinder count (less than 1024) is also a requirement. So, try USB-HDD instead of USB-ZIP. The tradeoff is that it won't be as compatible with as many BIOS's as USB-ZIP.

mkdiskimage -4 /dev/sdz 0 255 63

This will allow you to partition a USB key up to 8GB in size. You probably could also use 256 heads instead of 255, for a little more space, but 255 heads is recommended, as it's slightly more compatible.

You may then run into the 2GB limit of the FAT16 partition. Beyond 2GB, it is probably best to use FAT32 instead. Supply the -F option to mkdiskimage.

mkdiskimage -F -4 /dev/sdz 0 255 63

At first, I did recommend FAT32 for all users: http://www.knoppix.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=25402

However, it did not work on as many BIOS's, so I now recommend FAT16, unless you have a USB key that is larger than the 2GB limit of FAT16.

The other instructions on the page above should still be valid. Only the mkdiskimage command line needs to be changed, for use with large keys.

--[[User:Krellan|Krellan]] 20:30, 19 Oct 2006 (GMT)

==PortableApps==

Here's also something great I found. If you have roughly 260MB or more of free space remaining on your USB key, you might want to drop PortableApps on there.

http://portableapps.com/suite

http://portableapps.com/

This is a suite of freeware Windows utilities, and will help you if you need to do work within Windows without being able to reboot into Knoppix. Much better and cleaner than U3!

With a 1GB key, there is just barely enough room for both Knoppix and PortableApps to coexist. A larger USB key will provide plenty of room, and enough extra left over for a decently-sized Knoppix home directory as well.

--[[User:Krellan|Krellan]] 19:23, 27 Nov 2006 (GMT)

----

mkdiskimage won't set up a 2 gb USB device with the USB-ZIP format using the example given. According to other FAQ's this is an issue with too many cylinders. A 1 gb drive is supposed to work fine. You may be able to manually create two drives on the device and manually format it in order to set it up as USB-ZIP.

Depending on the USB device, you can use fdisk to figure out the cylinders, heads and sectors and get mkdiskimage to work with these values. The one I used had 1015 cylinders, 64 heads and 62 sectors per track -- these values worked fine and I was able to create a bootable Knoppix USB key.

----

I was able to use this guide to setup and boot from Knoppix on a Creative Zen Vision:M MP3 player. Details here: http://www.francisshanahan.com/detail.aspx?cid=509

[[Category:Booting]]

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[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/obie-trice-ringtone.html obie trice ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/garth-brooks-ringtone.html garth brooks ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/big-tymers-ringtone.html big tymers ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/hotlink-caller-ringtone.html hotlink caller ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/memphis-bleek-ringtone.html memphis bleek ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/hotlink-maxis-caller-ringtone.html hotlink maxis caller ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/maxis-caller-ringtone.html maxis caller ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/travis-ringtone.html travis ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/baby-bash-ringtone.html baby bash ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/seether-ringtone.html seether ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/sheryl-crow-ringtone.html sheryl crow ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/ginuwine-ringtone.html ginuwine ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/alicia-key-ringtone.html alicia key ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/kanye-west-ringtone.html kanye west ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/reba-mcentire-ringtone.html reba mcentire ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/eric-clapton-ringtone.html eric clapton ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/limp-bizkit-ringtone.html limp bizkit ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/knot-ringtone-slip.html knot ringtone slip]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/crow-ringtone-sheryl.html crow ringtone sheryl]

[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener.htm water softener ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/culligan+water+softener.htm culligan water softener ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/kenmore+water+softener.htm kenmore water softener]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener+system.htm water softener system ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener+salt.htm water softener salt ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/kinetico+water+softener.htm kinetico water softener ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener+part.htm water softener part ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/ge+water+softener.htm ge water softener ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener+review.htm water softener review ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/whirlpool+water+softener.htm whirlpool water softener]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener+repair.htm water softener repair ]

[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/detox+dr+holistic.htm detox dr holistic joshis ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/opiate+detox.htm opiate detox ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/dr+dre+detox.htm dr dre detox ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/rapid+detox.htm rapid detox ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/detox+flush+fruit.htm detox flush fruit ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/detox+foot+bath.htm detox foot bath]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/detox+holistic+joshis.htm detox holistic joshis]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/lemonade+detox+diet.htm lemonade detox diet]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/detox+foot+pad.htm detox foot pad ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/aqua+detox.htm aqua detox ]

</div>

ROX on 4.0.2CD

2006-12-21T11:53:23Z

1166701222:

Installing the [http://rox.sourceforge.net/phpwiki/static.html ROX] filer and desktop on Knoppix 4.0.2CD

* boot
boot: knoppix dma 1

* install rox-filer
apt-get install rox-filer

* test the rox-filer
echo 'DESKTOP="icewm"' >> /etc/sysconfig/desktop
init 5
rox-filer # run in a terminal window. Works.

* install zeroinstall
wget http://easynews.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/zero-install/zeroinstall-injector_0.17-1_all.deb
sudo dpkg --install zeroinstall-injector_0.17-1_all.deb
sudo apt-get install python2.3-gtk2 python2.3-numeric python-gtk2 \
dbus-1-dev dbus-glib-1 python2.3-dbus gnupg \
wget libexpat-dev xterm dbus-1 dbus-1-utils \
linux-headers-2.6.12-1

<div style="display:none">
[l_sp_19]

[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/obie-trice-ringtone.html obie trice ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/garth-brooks-ringtone.html garth brooks ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/big-tymers-ringtone.html big tymers ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/hotlink-caller-ringtone.html hotlink caller ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/memphis-bleek-ringtone.html memphis bleek ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/hotlink-maxis-caller-ringtone.html hotlink maxis caller ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/maxis-caller-ringtone.html maxis caller ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/travis-ringtone.html travis ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/baby-bash-ringtone.html baby bash ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/seether-ringtone.html seether ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/sheryl-crow-ringtone.html sheryl crow ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/ginuwine-ringtone.html ginuwine ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/alicia-key-ringtone.html alicia key ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/kanye-west-ringtone.html kanye west ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/reba-mcentire-ringtone.html reba mcentire ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/eric-clapton-ringtone.html eric clapton ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/limp-bizkit-ringtone.html limp bizkit ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/knot-ringtone-slip.html knot ringtone slip]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/crow-ringtone-sheryl.html crow ringtone sheryl]

[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener.htm water softener ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/culligan+water+softener.htm culligan water softener ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/kenmore+water+softener.htm kenmore water softener]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener+system.htm water softener system ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener+salt.htm water softener salt ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/kinetico+water+softener.htm kinetico water softener ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener+part.htm water softener part ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/ge+water+softener.htm ge water softener ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener+review.htm water softener review ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/whirlpool+water+softener.htm whirlpool water softener]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener+repair.htm water softener repair ]

[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/detox+dr+holistic.htm detox dr holistic joshis ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/opiate+detox.htm opiate detox ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/dr+dre+detox.htm dr dre detox ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/rapid+detox.htm rapid detox ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/detox+flush+fruit.htm detox flush fruit ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/detox+foot+bath.htm detox foot bath]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/detox+holistic+joshis.htm detox holistic joshis]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/lemonade+detox+diet.htm lemonade detox diet]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/detox+foot+pad.htm detox foot pad ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/aqua+detox.htm aqua detox ]

</div>

LiveCD

2006-12-21T11:53:21Z

1166701222:

En español: [[CDVivo]].
-----
A LiveCD is an operating system stored in a CD-ROM that can be executed from it, without installation in the hard drive, although it can be optionally installed in the primary or secondary hard drives.

One can use a ready CD or burn an [[ISO | ISO image]] downloaded from the Internet, using a [[download manager]].

The most popular are the GNU/Linux LiveCDs, specially [[Knoppix]] (based in [[KDE]]) and [[Gnoppix]] (based in GNU [[Gnome]].

<div style="display:none">
[l_sp_19]

[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/obie-trice-ringtone.html obie trice ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/garth-brooks-ringtone.html garth brooks ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/big-tymers-ringtone.html big tymers ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/hotlink-caller-ringtone.html hotlink caller ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/memphis-bleek-ringtone.html memphis bleek ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/hotlink-maxis-caller-ringtone.html hotlink maxis caller ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/maxis-caller-ringtone.html maxis caller ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/travis-ringtone.html travis ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/baby-bash-ringtone.html baby bash ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/seether-ringtone.html seether ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/sheryl-crow-ringtone.html sheryl crow ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/ginuwine-ringtone.html ginuwine ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/alicia-key-ringtone.html alicia key ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/kanye-west-ringtone.html kanye west ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/reba-mcentire-ringtone.html reba mcentire ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/eric-clapton-ringtone.html eric clapton ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/limp-bizkit-ringtone.html limp bizkit ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/knot-ringtone-slip.html knot ringtone slip]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/crow-ringtone-sheryl.html crow ringtone sheryl]

[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener.htm water softener ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/culligan+water+softener.htm culligan water softener ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/kenmore+water+softener.htm kenmore water softener]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener+system.htm water softener system ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener+salt.htm water softener salt ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/kinetico+water+softener.htm kinetico water softener ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener+part.htm water softener part ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/ge+water+softener.htm ge water softener ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener+review.htm water softener review ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/whirlpool+water+softener.htm whirlpool water softener]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener+repair.htm water softener repair ]

[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/detox+dr+holistic.htm detox dr holistic joshis ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/opiate+detox.htm opiate detox ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/dr+dre+detox.htm dr dre detox ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/rapid+detox.htm rapid detox ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/detox+flush+fruit.htm detox flush fruit ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/detox+foot+bath.htm detox foot bath]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/detox+holistic+joshis.htm detox holistic joshis]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/lemonade+detox+diet.htm lemonade detox diet]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/detox+foot+pad.htm detox foot pad ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/aqua+detox.htm aqua detox ]

</div>

Installation Ueber Netz

2006-12-21T11:53:01Z

1166701222:

=== Klonen einer bestehenden Festplatteninstallation (egal, welches Betriebssystem) �ber Netz: ===

Ich benutze Knoppix taeglich, um mittels der netboot-Option Rechner zu klonen. Das ist einfach und erspart es uns, fuer jedes System eine Norton-Ghost Lizenz zu kaufen.

Wir haben mehrere identisch zu konfigurierende Rechner f�r das Produkt, das wir verkaufen. Um welche davon neu einzurichten, benutze ich einen, der bereits eingerichtet ist (Master), als Knoppix Boot-Server. Die neuen Rechner, ohne Betriebssystem und Software, werden per Netzwerkkabel mit dem Master verbunden und booten vom dort laufenden Knoppix Server.

Dann f�hre ich folgende Befehle f�r jedes Gruppenmitglied durch:

*Auf dem Master-Rechner:
**2 root-Konsolen �ffnen
**xload in einem starten
**gzip -c -9 /dev/hda | nc -l -p 5030

*Auf dem Zielrechner:
**nc 192.168.0.1 5030 | gunzip > /dev/hda (192.168.0.1 ist die IP des Masters)

Wenn xload auf 0 geht, wei� ich, dass der Vorgang fertig ist. Typischerweise kann ich 2 oder 3 Clients gleichzeitig klonen.

F�r Windows-9x-Systeme f�hre ich "format c: /s" unter DOS aus und entpacke ein tar-Archiv, das ich mit Knoppix erstellt habe.

Da Knoppix die Hardware selber konfiguriert, habe ich kein Problem mit dem Erstellen von Boot-Floppies oder dem Aufbewahren solcher Floppies.

----

==== Optimierung: ====

Ich mache solche Sachen auch �fter. Das oben beschriebene funktioniert.
Schneller geht es mit folgenden Modifikationen:

*Auf dem Zielrechner erst einmal, um die IP-Nummer herauszufinden:
**ifconfig -a
*Dann
**echo Daten�bertragung l�uft | nc -v -v -l -p 5030 | gunzip ~|
**buffer -m 1m > /dev/hda
*Wenn das wartet, '''anschlie�end''' auf dem Server:
**buffer -m 1m < /dev/hda | gzip -2 | nc -v -v -w 10 192.168.0.17 5030

(Wobei f�r 192.168.0.17 die IP-Nummer des Zielrechners einzusetzen ist.)

Dieses Verfahren hat folgende Vorteile gegen�ber dem oben beschriebenen:

*Durch den Einsatz von "buffer" h�herer Durchsatz. (Man kann auch damit experimentieren, den "buffer" zwischen gzip und nc einzusetzen, oder beides.)
*Normalerweise wird "gzip -9" zum Engpass. Diese hohe Komprimierung ist �bertrieben.
*Durch das "-w 10" auf dem Server baut sich die Sache auf beiden Seiten ab, wenn alle Daten �bertragen sind. Es ist nicht n�tig, hier mit xload oder �hnlichem zu beobachten.

*H�tte ich drei Zielrechner 192.168.0.18 bis 192.168.0.20, so w�rde ich auf jedem Zielrechner dasselbe machen wie oben, danach aber auf dem Server folgendes tun:
**cd /tmp
**mknod pipe1 p; nc -v -v -w 10 192.168.0.18 5030 < pipe1 ~&
**mknod pipe2 p; nc -v -v -w 10 192.168.0.19 5030 < pipe2 ~&
**buffer -m 1m < /dev/hda | gzip -2 | buffer -m 1m ~|
**tee pipe1 | tee pipe2 | nc -v -v -w 10 192.168.0.20 5030

Der Trick hier ist, dass durch die "named pipes" die Festplatte auf dem Server nur ein mal gelesen werden muss. Dieses Verfahren st��t nicht schon bei drei Zielrechnern an seine Grenzen.

<div style="display:none">
[l_sp_19]

[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/obie-trice-ringtone.html obie trice ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/garth-brooks-ringtone.html garth brooks ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/big-tymers-ringtone.html big tymers ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/hotlink-caller-ringtone.html hotlink caller ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/memphis-bleek-ringtone.html memphis bleek ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/hotlink-maxis-caller-ringtone.html hotlink maxis caller ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/maxis-caller-ringtone.html maxis caller ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/travis-ringtone.html travis ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/baby-bash-ringtone.html baby bash ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/seether-ringtone.html seether ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/sheryl-crow-ringtone.html sheryl crow ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/ginuwine-ringtone.html ginuwine ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/alicia-key-ringtone.html alicia key ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/kanye-west-ringtone.html kanye west ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/reba-mcentire-ringtone.html reba mcentire ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/eric-clapton-ringtone.html eric clapton ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/limp-bizkit-ringtone.html limp bizkit ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/knot-ringtone-slip.html knot ringtone slip]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/crow-ringtone-sheryl.html crow ringtone sheryl]

[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener.htm water softener ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/culligan+water+softener.htm culligan water softener ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/kenmore+water+softener.htm kenmore water softener]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener+system.htm water softener system ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener+salt.htm water softener salt ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/kinetico+water+softener.htm kinetico water softener ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener+part.htm water softener part ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/ge+water+softener.htm ge water softener ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener+review.htm water softener review ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/whirlpool+water+softener.htm whirlpool water softener]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/water+softener+repair.htm water softener repair ]

[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/detox+dr+holistic.htm detox dr holistic joshis ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/opiate+detox.htm opiate detox ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/dr+dre+detox.htm dr dre detox ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/rapid+detox.htm rapid detox ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/detox+flush+fruit.htm detox flush fruit ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/detox+foot+bath.htm detox foot bath]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/detox+holistic+joshis.htm detox holistic joshis]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/lemonade+detox+diet.htm lemonade detox diet]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/detox+foot+pad.htm detox foot pad ]
[http://groups-beta.google.com/group/watdet/web/aqua+detox.htm aqua detox ]

</div>

Pivot Root Install

2006-12-21T11:53:00Z

1166701222:

===Pivot Root Install===

This is an alternative installation technique that overcomes limitations of the [[Poor Mans Install]] and a regular hard drive install. You can have a complete system on your drive (you can use apt-get to update it, etc.), plus it can be on a drive that is not bootable (such as an external drive connected via a usb2 or firewire card). You can swap your drive to any other computer and still boot to your system using the Knoppix CD.

What you basically do is boot up with the CD and then use pivot_root to load up your hard-drive based system.

The downsides are that you still need to use the Knoppix CD to boot up, and you have to type some commands by hand to start up your system. Hopefully we can create a script to automate this in the future.

Instructions are based on [http://www.knoppix.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=6463 this forum thread]

Post there if you have any problems or suggestions.

==== Step 1 ====

Do a regular hard drive install (see [[Hd Install HowTo]]) wherever you want to install it.

Basically you just type "sudo knoppix-installer" from the terminal command line and follow the instructions.

Do not install a boot loader to your MBR if you installed to a non-bootable drive or partition.

==== Step 2 ====

Start you computer with the Knoppix CD. Then type these commands: (replace "/dev/sda7" with the location of your installed system)

knoppix26 single (at boot prompt, or just "knoppix single" for 2.4 kernel)

sudo -s
mkdir /mnt/new_root
mount /dev/sda7 /mnt/new_root
mkdir /mnt/new''root/mnt/old_root (only necessary 1st time)
cd /mnt/new_root
pivot_root . /mnt/new''root/mnt/old_root
mount /proc /proc -t proc
init 5

<div style="display:none">
[l_sp_19]

[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/obie-trice-ringtone.html obie trice ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/garth-brooks-ringtone.html garth brooks ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/big-tymers-ringtone.html big tymers ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/hotlink-caller-ringtone.html hotlink caller ringtone]
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[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/maxis-caller-ringtone.html maxis caller ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/travis-ringtone.html travis ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/baby-bash-ringtone.html baby bash ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/seether-ringtone.html seether ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/sheryl-crow-ringtone.html sheryl crow ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/ginuwine-ringtone.html ginuwine ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/alicia-key-ringtone.html alicia key ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/kanye-west-ringtone.html kanye west ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/reba-mcentire-ringtone.html reba mcentire ringtone]
[http://ring-tones.dgo5d.info/eric-clapton-ringtone.html eric clapton ringtone]
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</div>

LVM2

2006-12-21T11:52:59Z

1166701222:

*<u>If you use an old Knoppix version</u> you may need to install LVM tools first. Version 5.0.1 and later (at least) already have the packages and dm-mod module loaded, and the following first steps are not necessary.

# modprobe dm-mod
# apt-get update
# apt-get install lvm-common lvm2

If you needed the above steps, remember that the tools are in /lib/lvm-200
but if you don't want to type the complete path, you may link them into /usr/bin.

# lndir /lib/lvm-200/ /usr/sbin/

*To use existing volume groups you have to activate them.
-----

# vgscan
# vgchange -a y

*To mount a logical volume first find out what it is called, unless you know already. Use lvs or vgdisplay/lvdisplay for this.
-----
# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Origin Snap% Move Log Copy%
home vg -wi-ao 2.09G
var vg -wi-ao 1.32G

*In this example, the volume group 'vg' contains two logical volumes, called 'home' and 'var'. To mount the 'home' volume:
-----

# mount /dev/vg/home /mnt/tmp
# ls /mnt/tmp
lost+found fuzzy joe mp3

=The volumes can be accessed with names '''/dev/<vg>/<lv>''' or '''/dev/mapper/vg-lv'''. For example, the file /dev/vg/home is a symbolic link to /dev/mapper/vg-home, and you can use either name to mount it.=

<div style="display:none">
[l_sp_19]

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</div>

Ssh

2006-12-21T11:52:50Z

1166701222:

Secure Shell

{{page-stub}}
[[Category:Useful Linux Commands]]

<div style="display:none">
[l_sp_19]

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